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Neurology > Neuroscience III > Flashcards

Neuroscience III Flashcards

1
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) ipsi-lateral […] or […].

A

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) ipsi-lateral nucleus cuneatus or nucleus gracilis.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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2
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) […]-lateral nucleus cuneatus or nucleus gracilis.

A

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) ipsi-lateral nucleus cuneatus or nucleus gracilis.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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3
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an ipsi-lateral cell body in the […] of the spinal cord.

A

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an ipsi-lateral cell body in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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4
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an […]-lateral cell body in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

A

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an ipsi-lateral cell body in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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5
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract ascends […]-laterally in the medial lemnicscus (brainstem and above).

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract ascends contra-laterally in the medial lemnicscus (brainstem and above).

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6
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract decussates in the […].

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract decussates in the caudal medulla.

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7
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract ascends […]-laterally in the spinal cord.

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract ascends contra-laterally in the spinal cord.

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8
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract decussates at the […].

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract decussates at the anterior white commissure.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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9
Q

The 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapse in the […] nucleus of the thalamus.

A

The 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapse in the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus.

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10
Q

The 2nd-order neurons of the spinothalamic tract synapse in the […] nucleus of the thalamus.

A

The 2nd-order neurons of the spinothalamic tract synapse in the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus.

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11
Q

The 2nd-order neurons of trigeminal nerve nuclei synapse in the […] nucleus of the thalamus.

A

he 2nd-order neurons of trigeminal nerve nuclei synapse in the ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus of the thalamus.

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12
Q

The 3rd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract travels to the […].

A

The 3rd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract travels to the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus).

located in the most anterior portion of the parietal lobe

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13
Q

The 3rd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract travels to the […].

A

The 3rd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract travels to the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus).

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14
Q

The anterior spinothalamic tract carries information for […] and pressure.

A

The anterior spinothalamic tract carries information for crude (non-discriminative) touch and pressure.

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15
Q

The area between the ACA/MCA and PCA/MCA (cerebral arteries) represent […] zones.

A

The area between the ACA/MCA and PCA/MCA (cerebral arteries) represent watershed zones.

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16
Q

The area postrema (chemoreceptor trigger zone) is a circumventricular organ found in the medulla that responds to […].

A

The area postrema (chemoreceptor trigger zone) is a circumventricular organ found in the medulla that responds to emetics.

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17
Q

The auditory information from the medial geniculate body projects to the […] of the superior temporal gyrus.

A

The auditory information from the medial geniculate body projects to the primary auditory cortex of the superior temporal gyrus.

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18
Q

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the […] to the inferior colliculus (midbrain).

A

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the lateral lemniscus to the inferior colliculus (midbrain).

each lateral lemniscus carries information derived from both ears; input from contralateral ear predominates

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19
Q

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the lateral lemniscus to the […] (midbrain).

A

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the lateral lemniscus to the inferior colliculus (midbrain).

each lateral lemniscus carries information derived from both ears; input from contralateral ear predominates

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20
Q

The axons from the lateral geniculate body that project to the primary visual (striate) cortex are known as optic […].

A

The axons from the lateral geniculate body that project to the primary visual (striate) cortex are known as optic radiations.

21
Q

The axons of the 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column tract coalesce into an axon bundle, known as the […].

A

The axons of the 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column tract coalesce into an axon bundle, known as the medial lemniscus.

22
Q

The basal nucleus of Meynert is responsible for the synthesis of […].

A

The basal nucleus of Meynert is responsible for the synthesis of acetylcholine.

23
Q

The central axons from the spiral ganglion form the […] part of CN VIII.

A

The central axons from the spiral ganglion form the cochlear part of CN VIII.

24
Q

The cerebellum consists of a midline […] and two lateral hemispheres on each side.

A

The cerebellum consists of a midline vermis and two lateral hemispheres on each side.

i.e. an intermediate and lateral hemisphere

25
Q

The cerebellum receives contralateral input from the cerebral cortex via the […] peduncle.

A

The cerebellum receives contralateral input from the cerebral cortex via the middle cerebellar peduncle.

processed in the lateral hemisphere

26
Q

The cerebellum receives ipsilateral proprioceptive information from the spinal cord via the […] peduncle.

A

The cerebellum receives ipsilateral proprioceptive information from the spinal cord via the inferior cerebellar peduncle.

processed in the vermis and intermediate hemisphere

27
Q

The cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains the organ of […].

A

The cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti.

28
Q

The corticospinal tract is located […] (medially or laterally) throughout the brainstem.

A

The corticospinal tract is located medially (medially or laterally) throughout the brainstem.

29
Q

The cranial nerve nuclei that exit medially are […] CNs (motor, sensory, or mixed).

A

The cranial nerve nuclei that exit medially are motor CNs (motor, sensory, or mixed).

i.e. CN III, IV, VI, and XII

30
Q

The dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the […] and then synapse in the contralateral ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus.

A

he dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the superior cerebellar peduncle and then synapse in the contralateral ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus.

31
Q

he dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the superior cerebellar peduncle and then synapse in the contralateral […] nucleus of the thalamus.

A

The dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the superior cerebellar peduncle and then synapse in the contralateral ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus.

32
Q

The dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts enter the cerebellum via the […].

A

The dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts enter the cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle.

thus lesion to the inferior cerebellar peduncle may result in ipsilateral ataxia and dysmetria

33
Q

The fasciculus cuneatus carries input from the spinal level […] and above.

A

The fasciculus cuneatus carries input from the spinal level T5 and above.

34
Q

The fasciculus cuneatus is the […] (medial or lateral) dorsal column.

A

The fasciculus cuneatus is the lateral (medial or lateral) dorsal column.

35
Q

The fasciculus gracilis carries input from the spinal level […] and below.

A

The fasciculus gracilis carries input from the spinal level T6 and below.

36
Q

The fasciculus gracilis is the […] (medial or lateral) dorsal column.

A

The fasciculus gracilis is the medial (medial or lateral) dorsal column.

37
Q

The fibers in the corticospinal tract leave the cerebral cortex in the […].

A

The fibers in the corticospinal tract leave the cerebral cortex in the internal capsule.

the internal capsule carries all axons in and out of the cortex

38
Q

The frontal eye fields send axons that decussate and synapse on neurons of the contralateral […].

A

The frontal eye fields send axons that decussate and synapse on neurons of the contralateral paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF).

39
Q

The globus pallidus is divided into an […] and […] segment.

A

The globus pallidus is divided into an internal and external segment.

e.g. globus pallidus internis (GPi) and externus (GPe)

40
Q

The inferior colliculus sends auditory information to the […] of the thalamus.

A

The inferior colliculus sends auditory information to the medial geniculate body of the thalamus.

41
Q

The lateral pterygoid muscle is responsible for […] the jaw.

A

The lateral pterygoid muscle is responsible for opening the jaw.

42
Q

The masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles are responsible for […] the jaw (muscles of mastication).

A

he masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles are responsible for closing the jaw (muscles of mastication).

43
Q

The medial lemniscus is initially positioned […] (medially or laterally) in the caudal medulla.

A

The medial lemniscus is initially positioned medially (medially or laterally) in the caudal medulla.

44
Q

The medial lemniscus is positioned more […] (medially or laterally) as it ascends through the midbrain.

A

The medial lemniscus is positioned more laterally (medially or laterally) as it ascends through the midbrain.

courses laterally to meet with the spinothalamic tract; both travel to the VPL nucleus in the thalamus

45
Q

The medial longitudinal fasciculus is […] myelinated (heavily or lightly).

A

The medial longitudinal fasciculus is heavily myelinated (heavily or lightly).

must communicate quickly so eyes move at the same time

46
Q

The mesencephalic nucleus of V receives […] input from the face.

A

The mesencephalic nucleus of V receives proprioceptive input from the face.

47
Q

The motor component of skeletal muscle reflexes is mediated by […] motoneurons (upper or lower).

A

The motor component of skeletal muscle reflexes is mediated by lower motoneurons (upper or lower).

48
Q

The nucleus accumbens is responsible for synthesis of the neurotransmitter […].

A

The nucleus accumbens is responsible for synthesis of the neurotransmitter GABA.

Neurology (13 decks)

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