Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology

Question 1

The nervous system consists of the ________,
which includes the brain
and spinal cord, and the ________, which includes
the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.

Answer 1

Central nervous system (CNS); peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 1

The nervous system consists of the ________,
which includes the brain
and spinal cord, and the ________, which includes
the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.

Answer 1

Central nervous system (CNS); peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 1

The nervous system consists of the ________,
which includes the brain
and spinal cord, and the ________, which includes
the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.

Answer 1

Central nervous system (CNS); peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 2

Regarding the PNS, the ________ controls the actions of skeletal muscles, is responsible for voluntary movement, and responds to signals from the 5 senses; the ________ regulates involuntary activity (e.g., heartbeat, breathing) and has 2 subdivisions- the sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Answer 2

Somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system

Question 2

Regarding the PNS, the ________ controls the actions of skeletal muscles, is responsible for voluntary movement, and responds to signals from the 5 senses; the ________ regulates involuntary activity (e.g., heartbeat, breathing) and has 2 subdivisions- the sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Answer 2

Somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system

Question 2

Regarding the PNS, the ________ controls the actions of skeletal muscles, is responsible for voluntary movement, and responds to signals from the 5 senses; the ________ regulates involuntary activity (e.g., heartbeat, breathing) and has 2 subdivisions- the sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Answer 2

Somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system

Question 3

The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the body’s resources and prepares for “fight or flight,” while the ________ system deactivates the once active organs and is active during relaxation.

Answer 3

Sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question 3

The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the body’s resources and prepares for “fight or flight,” while the ________ system deactivates the once active organs and is active during relaxation.

Answer 3

Sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question 3

The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the body’s resources and prepares for “fight or flight,” while the ________ system deactivates the once active organs and is active during relaxation.

Answer 3

Sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question 4

This part of the CNS
is responsible for carrying information
between the brain and the PNS.

Answer 4

Spinal cord

Question 4

This part of the CNS
is responsible for carrying information
between the brain and the PNS.

Answer 4

Spinal cord

Question 4

This part of the CNS
is responsible for carrying information
between the brain and the PNS.

Answer 4

Spinal cord

Question 5

These are the information
processing units of the nervous system and are
made of 3 primary parts:
the cell body (soma), dendrites, and axon.

Answer 5

Neurons

Question 5

These are the information
processing units of the nervous system and are
made of 3 primary parts:
the cell body (soma), dendrites, and axon.

Answer 5

Neurons

Question 5

These are the information
processing units of the nervous system and are
made of 3 primary parts:
the cell body (soma), dendrites, and axon.

Answer 5

Neurons

Question 6

________ are short fibers at the end of a cell body that respond to stimulation from other neurons and carry this information toward the cell body, while the ________ is a single fiber that carries information away from the cell body.

Answer 6

Dendrites; axon

Question 6

________ are short fibers at the end of a cell body that respond to stimulation from other neurons and carry this information toward the cell body, while the ________ is a single fiber that carries information away from the cell body.

Answer 6

Dendrites; axon

Question 6

________ are short fibers at the end of a cell body that respond to stimulation from other neurons and carry this information toward the cell body, while the ________ is a single fiber that carries information away from the cell body.

Answer 6

Dendrites; axon

Question 7

The electrochemical process by which information is received and processed within a neuron, whereby a cell becomes electrically excited, “fires,” and creates a nerve impulse called an action potential is referred to as what?

Answer 7

Conduction

Question 7

The electrochemical process by which information is received and processed within a neuron, whereby a cell becomes electrically excited, “fires,” and creates a nerve impulse called an action potential is referred to as what?

Answer 7

Conduction

Question 7

The electrochemical process by which information is received and processed within a neuron, whereby a cell becomes electrically excited, “fires,” and creates a nerve impulse called an action potential is referred to as what?

Answer 7

Conduction

Question 8

The fact that, in any given neuron, the action potential is the same magnitude every time it occurs is referred to as the ________; basically, once the minimal threshold of electrical stimulation is reached, a neuron fires.

Answer 8

All-Or-None Law

Question 8

The fact that, in any given neuron, the action potential is the same magnitude every time it occurs is referred to as the ________; basically, once the minimal threshold of electrical stimulation is reached, a neuron fires.

Answer 8

All-Or-None Law

Question 8

The fact that, in any given neuron, the action potential is the same magnitude every time it occurs is referred to as the ________; basically, once the minimal threshold of electrical stimulation is reached, a neuron fires.

Answer 8

All-Or-None Law

Question 9

True or False: Stronger
electrical stimulation generates more action potentials in a neuron and causes them to occur in a greater number of neurons?

Answer 9

True- though size and speed of an

action potential are NOT related to stimulation intensity

Question 9

True or False: Stronger
electrical stimulation generates more action potentials in a neuron and causes them to occur in a greater number of neurons?

Answer 9

True- though size and speed of an

action potential are NOT related to stimulation intensity

Question 9

True or False: Stronger
electrical stimulation generates more action potentials in a neuron and causes them to occur in a greater number of neurons?

Answer 9

True- though size and speed of an

action potential are NOT related to stimulation intensity

Question 10

What 2 factors have an affect

on the speed of conduction?

Answer 10

Diameter of the axon and myelin sheath

Question 10

What 2 factors have an affect

on the speed of conduction?

Answer 10

Diameter of the axon and myelin sheath

Question 10

What 2 factors have an affect

on the speed of conduction?

Answer 10

Diameter of the axon and myelin sheath

Question 11

What is the small

space that separates individual neurons called?

Answer 11

Synapse (or synaptic cleft)

Question 11

What is the small

space that separates individual neurons called?

Answer 11

Synapse (or synaptic cleft)

Question 11

What is the small

space that separates individual neurons called?

Answer 11

Synapse (or synaptic cleft)

Question 12

This term means “partial
paralysis” and is characterized by muscle
weakness without full paralysis; one cause is
less severe damage to the spinal cord.

Answer 12

Paresis

Question 12

This term means “partial
paralysis” and is characterized by muscle
weakness without full paralysis; one cause is
less severe damage to the spinal cord.

Answer 12

Paresis

Question 12

This term means “partial
paralysis” and is characterized by muscle
weakness without full paralysis; one cause is
less severe damage to the spinal cord.

Answer 12

Paresis

Question 13

________ is when one half of a
person’s body is paralyzed, ________ is when a person experiences loss of use of all limbs, and ________ is when the lower extremities of a person’s body is paralyzed.

Answer 13

Hemiplegia;

quadriplegia; paraplegia

Question 13

________ is when one half of a
person’s body is paralyzed, ________ is when a person experiences loss of use of all limbs, and ________ is when the lower extremities of a person’s body is paralyzed.

Answer 13

Hemiplegia;

quadriplegia; paraplegia

Question 13

________ is when one half of a
person’s body is paralyzed, ________ is when a person experiences loss of use of all limbs, and ________ is when the lower extremities of a person’s body is paralyzed.

Answer 13

Hemiplegia;

quadriplegia; paraplegia

Question 14

What term refers to the process whereby
terminal buttons take up
and store excess
neurotransmitters for future use?

Answer 14

Reuptake

Question 14

What term refers to the process whereby
terminal buttons take up
and store excess
neurotransmitters for future use?

Answer 14

Reuptake

Question 14

What term refers to the process whereby
terminal buttons take up
and store excess
neurotransmitters for future use?

Answer 14

Reuptake

Question 15

The breaking down of unused neurotransmitters into inactive metabolites that are eventually removed as waste is called what?

Answer 15

Enzymatic degradation

Question 15

The breaking down of unused neurotransmitters into inactive metabolites that are eventually removed as waste is called what?

Answer 15

Enzymatic degradation

Question 15

The breaking down of unused neurotransmitters into inactive metabolites that are eventually removed as waste is called what?

Answer 15

Enzymatic degradation

Question 16

Neurotransmitters that have an ________ effect on post-synaptic cells increase the likelihood that an action potential will occur, while those with an ________ effect decrease the chances of an action potential occurring.

Answer 16

Excitatory; inhibitory

Question 16

Neurotransmitters that have an ________ effect on post-synaptic cells increase the likelihood that an action potential will occur, while those with an ________ effect decrease the chances of an action potential occurring.

Answer 16

Excitatory; inhibitory

Question 16

Neurotransmitters that have an ________ effect on post-synaptic cells increase the likelihood that an action potential will occur, while those with an ________ effect decrease the chances of an action potential occurring.

Answer 16

Excitatory; inhibitory

Question 17

This neurotransmitter causes muscles to contract and is associated with impairments in voluntary movement; in the brain it is involved in learning/memory, with depletion of its receptors in the cortex and hippocampus occurring in Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer 17

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 17

This neurotransmitter causes muscles to contract and is associated with impairments in voluntary movement; in the brain it is involved in learning/memory, with depletion of its receptors in the cortex and hippocampus occurring in Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer 17

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 17

This neurotransmitter causes muscles to contract and is associated with impairments in voluntary movement; in the brain it is involved in learning/memory, with depletion of its receptors in the cortex and hippocampus occurring in Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer 17

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 18

What are neurons that secrete acetylcholine called?

Answer 18

Cholinergic neurons

Question 18

What are neurons that secrete acetylcholine called?

Answer 18

Cholinergic neurons

Question 18

What are neurons that secrete acetylcholine called?

Answer 18

Cholinergic neurons

Question 19

What 3 neurotransmitters are grouped into the class referred to as catecholamines?

Answer 19

Norepinephrine

(noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and dopamine

Question 19

What 3 neurotransmitters are grouped into the class referred to as catecholamines?

Answer 19

Norepinephrine

(noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and dopamine

Question 19

What 3 neurotransmitters are grouped into the class referred to as catecholamines?

Answer 19

Norepinephrine

(noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and dopamine

Question 20

Depleted levels of ________ and ________ at brain synapses is associate with some types of depression, while excessive levels are associated with ________.

Answer 20

Norepinephrine;

dopamine; schizophrenia

Question 20

Depleted levels of ________ and ________ at brain synapses is associate with some types of depression, while excessive levels are associated with ________.

Answer 20

Norepinephrine;

dopamine; schizophrenia

Question 20

Depleted levels of ________ and ________ at brain synapses is associate with some types of depression, while excessive levels are associated with ________.

Answer 20

Norepinephrine;

dopamine; schizophrenia

Question 21

With respect to movement,
excess dopamine or an increased sensitivity to
dopamine receptors is related
to ________, while degeneration of dopamine
secreting neurons is linked to the ________.

Answer 21

Tourette’s syndrome; Parkinson’s disease

Question 21

With respect to movement,
excess dopamine or an increased sensitivity to
dopamine receptors is related
to ________, while degeneration of dopamine
secreting neurons is linked to the ________.

Answer 21

Tourette’s syndrome; Parkinson’s disease

Question 21

With respect to movement,
excess dopamine or an increased sensitivity to
dopamine receptors is related
to ________, while degeneration of dopamine
secreting neurons is linked to the ________.

Answer 21

Tourette’s syndrome; Parkinson’s disease

Question 22

A lack of this neurotransmitter is linked to depression, OCD, PTSD, and aggression, while high levels play a role in schizophrenia, anorexia, and autism.

Answer 22

Serotonin

Question 22

A lack of this neurotransmitter is linked to depression, OCD, PTSD, and aggression, while high levels play a role in schizophrenia, anorexia, and autism.

Answer 22

Serotonin

Question 22

A lack of this neurotransmitter is linked to depression, OCD, PTSD, and aggression, while high levels play a role in schizophrenia, anorexia, and autism.

Answer 22

Serotonin

Question 23

The most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, low levels of ________ are associated with anxiety and Parkinson’s disease, while deficits in the brains motor regions is associated with dementia and involuntary jerking of the arms and legs.

Answer 23

Gamma-Amino
Butyric Acid (GABA)

Question 23

The most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, low levels of ________ are associated with anxiety and Parkinson’s disease, while deficits in the brains motor regions is associated with dementia and involuntary jerking of the arms and legs.

Answer 23

Gamma-Amino
Butyric Acid (GABA)

Question 23

The most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, low levels of ________ are associated with anxiety and Parkinson’s disease, while deficits in the brains motor regions is associated with dementia and involuntary jerking of the arms and legs.

Answer 23

Gamma-Amino
Butyric Acid (GABA)

Question 24

What primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS is associated with learning, memory, and long-term potentiation (transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory)?

Answer 24

Glutamate

Question 24

What primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS is associated with learning, memory, and long-term potentiation (transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory)?

Answer 24

Glutamate

Question 24

What primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS is associated with learning, memory, and long-term potentiation (transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory)?

Answer 24

Glutamate

Question 25

These neuromodulaters bind to
opiate receptor sites, reducing
activity in the thalamus and cerebral cortex, thereby inhibiting feelings of pain and increasing feelings of pleasure.

Answer 25

Endorphins

endogenous morphine

Question 25

These neuromodulaters bind to
opiate receptor sites, reducing
activity in the thalamus and cerebral cortex, thereby inhibiting feelings of pain and increasing feelings of pleasure.

Answer 25

Endorphins

endogenous morphine

Question 25

These neuromodulaters bind to
opiate receptor sites, reducing
activity in the thalamus and cerebral cortex, thereby inhibiting feelings of pain and increasing feelings of pleasure.

Answer 25

Endorphins

endogenous morphine

Question 26

This area of the brain consists of

the brain stem and the cerebellum.

Answer 26

Hindbrain

Question 26

This area of the brain consists of

the brain stem and the cerebellum.

Answer 26

Hindbrain

Question 26

This area of the brain consists of

the brain stem and the cerebellum.

Answer 26

Hindbrain

Question 27

What 2 parts of

the brain are contained in the brain stem?

Answer 27

Medulla Oblongota and Pons

Question 27

What 2 parts of

the brain are contained in the brain stem?

Answer 27

Medulla Oblongota and Pons

Question 27

What 2 parts of

the brain are contained in the brain stem?

Answer 27

Medulla Oblongota and Pons

Question 28

The ________ contains vital centers that control digestion, blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing; damage to it often leads to death.

Answer 28

Medulla Oblongota

Question 28

The ________ contains vital centers that control digestion, blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing; damage to it often leads to death.

Answer 28

Medulla Oblongota

Question 28

The ________ contains vital centers that control digestion, blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing; damage to it often leads to death.

Answer 28

Medulla Oblongota

Question 29

Lying directly above the

medulla and connecting the 2 sides of the cerebellum, the ________ helps in the regulation of arousal states.

Answer 29

Pons

Question 29

Lying directly above the

medulla and connecting the 2 sides of the cerebellum, the ________ helps in the regulation of arousal states.

Answer 29

Pons

Question 29

Lying directly above the

medulla and connecting the 2 sides of the cerebellum, the ________ helps in the regulation of arousal states.

Answer 29

Pons

Question 30

What brain structure, sitting on top of the medulla and pons, is responsible for maintaining balance, coordinating movements, and controlling posture?

Answer 30

Cerebellum

Question 30

What brain structure, sitting on top of the medulla and pons, is responsible for maintaining balance, coordinating movements, and controlling posture?

Answer 30

Cerebellum

Question 30

What brain structure, sitting on top of the medulla and pons, is responsible for maintaining balance, coordinating movements, and controlling posture?

Answer 30

Cerebellum

Question 31

This condition occurs

with damage to the cerebellum and is characterized by slurred speech, severe tremors, and loss of balance.

Answer 31

Ataxia

Question 31

This condition occurs

with damage to the cerebellum and is characterized by slurred speech, severe tremors, and loss of balance.

Answer 31

Ataxia

Question 31

This condition occurs

with damage to the cerebellum and is characterized by slurred speech, severe tremors, and loss of balance.

Answer 31

Ataxia

Question 32

This area of the brain
contains the substantia nigra and reticular formation; all information passing between the brain and the spinal cord passes through it.

Answer 32

Midbrain (aka mesencephalon)

Question 32

This area of the brain
contains the substantia nigra and reticular formation; all information passing between the brain and the spinal cord passes through it.

Answer 32

Midbrain (aka mesencephalon)

Question 32

This area of the brain
contains the substantia nigra and reticular formation; all information passing between the brain and the spinal cord passes through it.

Answer 32

Midbrain (aka mesencephalon)

Question 33

Parkinson’s disease results from degeneration of neurons in this brain structure.

Answer 33

Substantia Nigra

Question 33

Parkinson’s disease results from degeneration of neurons in this brain structure.

Answer 33

Substantia Nigra

Question 33

Parkinson’s disease results from degeneration of neurons in this brain structure.

Answer 33

Substantia Nigra

Question 34

What brain structure plays a role in respiration and reflex control, pain and touch sensations, and sleep and arousal?

Answer 34

Reticular Formation

Question 34

What brain structure plays a role in respiration and reflex control, pain and touch sensations, and sleep and arousal?

Answer 34

Reticular Formation

Question 34

What brain structure plays a role in respiration and reflex control, pain and touch sensations, and sleep and arousal?

Answer 34

Reticular Formation

Question 35

The ________ is crucial for
maintaining a waking state, arousal, and attention; neurons from it arouse the brain and facilitate information reception by appropriate neural structures.

Answer 35

Reticular Activating System

Question 35

The ________ is crucial for
maintaining a waking state, arousal, and attention; neurons from it arouse the brain and facilitate information reception by appropriate neural structures.

Answer 35

Reticular Activating System

Question 35

The ________ is crucial for
maintaining a waking state, arousal, and attention; neurons from it arouse the brain and facilitate information reception by appropriate neural structures.

Answer 35

Reticular Activating System

Question 36

This area of the brain contains the hypothalamus, thalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebral cortex.

Answer 36

Forebrain

Question 36

This area of the brain contains the hypothalamus, thalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebral cortex.

Answer 36

Forebrain

Question 36

This area of the brain contains the hypothalamus, thalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebral cortex.

Answer 36

Forebrain

Question 37

The ________ is responsible for maintaining the body’s
homeostasis (temperature, fluid
levels, metabolism, etc) and also plays a role in intentional
behaviors such as feeding, sex,
aggression, and maternal behavior.

Answer 37

Hypothalamus (remember 4 F’s: Fight, Flight, Feed, Fornicate)

Question 37

The ________ is responsible for maintaining the body’s
homeostasis (temperature, fluid
levels, metabolism, etc) and also plays a role in intentional
behaviors such as feeding, sex,
aggression, and maternal behavior.

Answer 37

Hypothalamus (remember 4 F’s: Fight, Flight, Feed, Fornicate)

Question 37

The ________ is responsible for maintaining the body’s
homeostasis (temperature, fluid
levels, metabolism, etc) and also plays a role in intentional
behaviors such as feeding, sex,
aggression, and maternal behavior.

Answer 37

Hypothalamus (remember 4 F’s: Fight, Flight, Feed, Fornicate)

Question 38

What brain structure relays incoming sensory information to the cortex for all senses but olfaction, is involved in language, memory, and motor activity, and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness?

Answer 38

Thalamus

Question 38

What brain structure relays incoming sensory information to the cortex for all senses but olfaction, is involved in language, memory, and motor activity, and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness?

Answer 38

Thalamus

Question 38

What brain structure relays incoming sensory information to the cortex for all senses but olfaction, is involved in language, memory, and motor activity, and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness?

Answer 38

Thalamus

Question 39

The ________ code and relay information related to control of voluntary movement, sensorimotor learning, and motoric expressions of emotion; abnormalities in it are linked with Tourette’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, depression, mania, OCD, and psychosis.

Answer 39

Basal Ganglia

Question 39

The ________ code and relay information related to control of voluntary movement, sensorimotor learning, and motoric expressions of emotion; abnormalities in it are linked with Tourette’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, depression, mania, OCD, and psychosis.

Answer 39

Basal Ganglia

Question 39

The ________ code and relay information related to control of voluntary movement, sensorimotor learning, and motoric expressions of emotion; abnormalities in it are linked with Tourette’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, depression, mania, OCD, and psychosis.

Answer 39

Basal Ganglia

Question 40

This consists of a group of
brain structures (amygdala, septum, hippocampus) that work together to mediate the emotional component of behavior.

Answer 40

Limbic System

Question 40

This consists of a group of
brain structures (amygdala, septum, hippocampus) that work together to mediate the emotional component of behavior.

Answer 40

Limbic System

Question 40

This consists of a group of
brain structures (amygdala, septum, hippocampus) that work together to mediate the emotional component of behavior.

Answer 40

Limbic System

Question 41

This limbic system structure
plays a role in the processing
and memory of emotional reactions and mediates
defensive/aggressive behavior;
lesions in it produce Kluver-Bucy Syndrome.

Answer 41

Amygdala

Question 41

This limbic system structure
plays a role in the processing
and memory of emotional reactions and mediates
defensive/aggressive behavior;
lesions in it produce Kluver-Bucy Syndrome.

Answer 41

Amygdala

Question 41

This limbic system structure
plays a role in the processing
and memory of emotional reactions and mediates
defensive/aggressive behavior;
lesions in it produce Kluver-Bucy Syndrome.

Answer 41

Amygdala

Question 42

The ________ serves to inhibit emotionality; in rats, lesions produce hyper-emotionality and rage, while electrical stimulation is extremely pleasurable.

Answer 42

Septum

Question 42

The ________ serves to inhibit emotionality; in rats, lesions produce hyper-emotionality and rage, while electrical stimulation is extremely pleasurable.

Answer 42

Septum

Question 42

The ________ serves to inhibit emotionality; in rats, lesions produce hyper-emotionality and rage, while electrical stimulation is extremely pleasurable.

Answer 42

Septum

Question 43

This limbic system structure is involved in learning and memory, particularly transferring new information from short-term to long-term memory; damage to this area can cause anterograde amnesia.

Answer 43

Hippocampus

Question 43

This limbic system structure is involved in learning and memory, particularly transferring new information from short-term to long-term memory; damage to this area can cause anterograde amnesia.

Answer 43

Hippocampus

Question 43

This limbic system structure is involved in learning and memory, particularly transferring new information from short-term to long-term memory; damage to this area can cause anterograde amnesia.

Answer 43

Hippocampus

Question 44

This is the last part of the
brain to stop growing and undergoes more structural
change following birth than
any other part of the central nervous system.

Answer 44

Cerebral cortex

Question 44

This is the last part of the
brain to stop growing and undergoes more structural
change following birth than
any other part of the central nervous system.

Answer 44

Cerebral cortex

Question 44

This is the last part of the
brain to stop growing and undergoes more structural
change following birth than
any other part of the central nervous system.

Answer 44

Cerebral cortex

Question 45

What term refers to the fact that the left hemisphere of the brain controls functions on the right side of the body, while the right hemisphere controls functions on the left side of the body?

Answer 45

Contralateral representation

Question 45

What term refers to the fact that the left hemisphere of the brain controls functions on the right side of the body, while the right hemisphere controls functions on the left side of the body?

Answer 45

Contralateral representation

Question 45

What term refers to the fact that the left hemisphere of the brain controls functions on the right side of the body, while the right hemisphere controls functions on the left side of the body?

Answer 45

Contralateral representation

Question 46

What are the 4
lobes of the
cerebral cortex?

Answer 46

Frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal

Question 46

What are the 4
lobes of the
cerebral cortex?

Answer 46

Frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal

Question 46

What are the 4
lobes of the
cerebral cortex?

Answer 46

Frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal

Question 47

The ________ is involved in motor behavior, executive functions, expressive language, and orientation to person, place, and time; it consists of the primary motor, premotor, and prefrontal cortex.

Answer 47

The frontal lobe

Question 47

The ________ is involved in motor behavior, executive functions, expressive language, and orientation to person, place, and time; it consists of the primary motor, premotor, and prefrontal cortex.

Answer 47

The frontal lobe

Question 47

The ________ is involved in motor behavior, executive functions, expressive language, and orientation to person, place, and time; it consists of the primary motor, premotor, and prefrontal cortex.

Answer 47

The frontal lobe

Question 48

Damage to a specific area of the premotor cortex of the frontal lobe
can produce ________, which is characterized by a severe
deficiency in expressive language
(e.g., speech is slow and poorly
articulated, very few words are used).

Answer 48

Broca’s aphasia (aka expressive aphasia)

Question 48

Damage to a specific area of the premotor cortex of the frontal lobe
can produce ________, which is characterized by a severe
deficiency in expressive language
(e.g., speech is slow and poorly
articulated, very few words are used).

Answer 48

Broca’s aphasia (aka expressive aphasia)

Question 48

Damage to a specific area of the premotor cortex of the frontal lobe
can produce ________, which is characterized by a severe
deficiency in expressive language
(e.g., speech is slow and poorly
articulated, very few words are used).

Answer 48

Broca’s aphasia (aka expressive aphasia)

Question 49

Damage to this area of the
frontal lobe usually results in decreased motivation,
difficulty making decisions,
deficient self-awareness,
poor social control, and perseveration.

Answer 49

Prefrontal cortex

Question 49

Damage to this area of the
frontal lobe usually results in decreased motivation,
difficulty making decisions,
deficient self-awareness,
poor social control, and perseveration.

Answer 49

Prefrontal cortex

Question 49

Damage to this area of the
frontal lobe usually results in decreased motivation,
difficulty making decisions,
deficient self-awareness,
poor social control, and perseveration.

Answer 49

Prefrontal cortex

Question 50

What lobe of the brain contains the primary
auditory cortex and is associated with
memory, emotion, and receptive language?

Answer 50

The temporal lobe

Question 50

What lobe of the brain contains the primary
auditory cortex and is associated with
memory, emotion, and receptive language?

Answer 50

The temporal lobe

Question 50

What lobe of the brain contains the primary
auditory cortex and is associated with
memory, emotion, and receptive language?

Answer 50

The temporal lobe

Question 51

Caused by damage to particular area of the temporal lobe, ________ is characterized by severe deficits in language comprehension; speech is usually normal sounding but does not make sense and familiar objects are unable to be named (dysnomia).

Answer 51

Wernicke’s aphasia (aka fluent or receptive aphasia)

Question 51

Caused by damage to particular area of the temporal lobe, ________ is characterized by severe deficits in language comprehension; speech is usually normal sounding but does not make sense and familiar objects are unable to be named (dysnomia).

Answer 51

Wernicke’s aphasia (aka fluent or receptive aphasia)

Question 51

Caused by damage to particular area of the temporal lobe, ________ is characterized by severe deficits in language comprehension; speech is usually normal sounding but does not make sense and familiar objects are unable to be named (dysnomia).

Answer 51

Wernicke’s aphasia (aka fluent or receptive aphasia)

Question 52

This lobe of the brain integrates sensory information from different modalities, particularly determining spatial sense and navigation.

Answer 52

The parietal lobe

Question 52

This lobe of the brain integrates sensory information from different modalities, particularly determining spatial sense and navigation.

Answer 52

The parietal lobe

Question 52

This lobe of the brain integrates sensory information from different modalities, particularly determining spatial sense and navigation.

Answer 52

The parietal lobe

Question 53

Parietal lobe damage can lead
to ________, or the inability to
identify objects by touch, _______, or the inability to make intentional movement despite normal motor function, and/or ________, or the inability to read/write.

Answer 53

Agnosia;

apraxia; agraphia

Question 53

Parietal lobe damage can lead
to ________, or the inability to
identify objects by touch, _______, or the inability to make intentional movement despite normal motor function, and/or ________, or the inability to read/write.

Answer 53

Agnosia;

apraxia; agraphia

Question 53

Parietal lobe damage can lead
to ________, or the inability to
identify objects by touch, _______, or the inability to make intentional movement despite normal motor function, and/or ________, or the inability to read/write.

Answer 53

Agnosia;

apraxia; agraphia

Question 54

This part of the brain contains the visual cortex; damage can lead to ________, or the inability to recognize familiar objects by sight.

Answer 54

The occipital lobe; visual agnosia

Question 54

This part of the brain contains the visual cortex; damage can lead to ________, or the inability to recognize familiar objects by sight.

Answer 54

The occipital lobe; visual agnosia

Question 54

This part of the brain contains the visual cortex; damage can lead to ________, or the inability to recognize familiar objects by sight.

Answer 54

The occipital lobe; visual agnosia

Question 55

What term is used to describe the fact that some higher level cortical functions are controlled more by either the left or right hemisphere of the brain?

Answer 55

Lateralization of function

Question 55

What term is used to describe the fact that some higher level cortical functions are controlled more by either the left or right hemisphere of the brain?

Answer 55

Lateralization of function

Question 55

What term is used to describe the fact that some higher level cortical functions are controlled more by either the left or right hemisphere of the brain?

Answer 55

Lateralization of function

Question 56

The ________ is a bundle of fibers that enable communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Answer 56

Corpus callosum

Question 56

The ________ is a bundle of fibers that enable communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Answer 56

Corpus callosum

Question 56

The ________ is a bundle of fibers that enable communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Answer 56

Corpus callosum

Question 57

In general, the ________ hemisphere is associated with creativity, understanding spatial relations, emotional expression, and facial recognition while the ________ hemisphere is involved with analytical thinking, logic, and language (written and spoken).

Answer 57

Right; left

Question 57

In general, the ________ hemisphere is associated with creativity, understanding spatial relations, emotional expression, and facial recognition while the ________ hemisphere is involved with analytical thinking, logic, and language (written and spoken).

Answer 57

Right; left

Question 57

In general, the ________ hemisphere is associated with creativity, understanding spatial relations, emotional expression, and facial recognition while the ________ hemisphere is involved with analytical thinking, logic, and language (written and spoken).

Answer 57

Right; left

Question 58

What theory of emotion posits that emotions occur as the result of one’s perception of physiological changes occurring in response to environmental stimuli (e.g., “I am trembling so I must be afraid,” “I am crying so I must be sad”)?

Answer 58

James-Lange Theory

Question 58

What theory of emotion posits that emotions occur as the result of one’s perception of physiological changes occurring in response to environmental stimuli (e.g., “I am trembling so I must be afraid,” “I am crying so I must be sad”)?

Answer 58

James-Lange Theory

Question 58

What theory of emotion posits that emotions occur as the result of one’s perception of physiological changes occurring in response to environmental stimuli (e.g., “I am trembling so I must be afraid,” “I am crying so I must be sad”)?

Answer 58

James-Lange Theory

Question 59

The ________ theory of emotion suggests emotions and physiological
changes (e.g., muscle tension, sweating)
are experienced simultaneously; it is
predicted that the thalamus and cortex
are stimulated at the same time, producing simultaneous arousal of the sympathetic nervous system and emotional feeling.

Answer 59

Cannon-Bard

Question 59

The ________ theory of emotion suggests emotions and physiological
changes (e.g., muscle tension, sweating)
are experienced simultaneously; it is
predicted that the thalamus and cortex
are stimulated at the same time, producing simultaneous arousal of the sympathetic nervous system and emotional feeling.

Answer 59

Cannon-Bard

Question 59

The ________ theory of emotion suggests emotions and physiological
changes (e.g., muscle tension, sweating)
are experienced simultaneously; it is
predicted that the thalamus and cortex
are stimulated at the same time, producing simultaneous arousal of the sympathetic nervous system and emotional feeling.

Answer 59

Cannon-Bard

Question 60

This theory of emotion, based on research by Schachter and Singer,
posits that most emotional states
produce similar physical sensations, while the specific emotion experienced is a product of one’s attribution for the cause of those sensations.

Answer 60

Cognitive-Arousal Theory (aka Two-Factor Theory)

Question 60

This theory of emotion, based on research by Schachter and Singer,
posits that most emotional states
produce similar physical sensations, while the specific emotion experienced is a product of one’s attribution for the cause of those sensations.

Answer 60

Cognitive-Arousal Theory (aka Two-Factor Theory)

Question 60

This theory of emotion, based on research by Schachter and Singer,
posits that most emotional states
produce similar physical sensations, while the specific emotion experienced is a product of one’s attribution for the cause of those sensations.

Answer 60

Cognitive-Arousal Theory (aka Two-Factor Theory)

Question 61

What are the 6 “basic emotions” accepted as being universally experienced by all humans?

Answer 61

Fear, anger, joy, sadness, surprise, and disgust

Question 61

What are the 6 “basic emotions” accepted as being universally experienced by all humans?

Answer 61

Fear, anger, joy, sadness, surprise, and disgust

Question 61

What are the 6 “basic emotions” accepted as being universally experienced by all humans?

Answer 61

Fear, anger, joy, sadness, surprise, and disgust

Question 62

The ________, proposed by Schachter, Stunkard, and Rodin, suggests that obese people overeat because they are inherently more sensitive to certain external cues than internal cues (e.g., eat because food tastes good despite satiety).

Answer 62

Externality hypothesis

Question 62

The ________, proposed by Schachter, Stunkard, and Rodin, suggests that obese people overeat because they are inherently more sensitive to certain external cues than internal cues (e.g., eat because food tastes good despite satiety).

Answer 62

Externality hypothesis

Question 62

The ________, proposed by Schachter, Stunkard, and Rodin, suggests that obese people overeat because they are inherently more sensitive to certain external cues than internal cues (e.g., eat because food tastes good despite satiety).

Answer 62

Externality hypothesis

Question 63

Regarding human

sexual behavior, what are the 2 primary sources of sex hormone?

Answer 63

Pituitary gland and gonads (ovaries/testes)

Question 63

Regarding human

sexual behavior, what are the 2 primary sources of sex hormone?

Answer 63

Pituitary gland and gonads (ovaries/testes)

Question 63

Regarding human

sexual behavior, what are the 2 primary sources of sex hormone?

Answer 63

Pituitary gland and gonads (ovaries/testes)

Question 64

Of the 2 hormones produced by the gonads, ________, which include testosterone, are involved in sexual interest and cause the development of secondary sex characteristics in males; _______ and ________ are found primarily in women and are necessary for healthy reproductive function.

Answer 64

Androgens; estrogens; progesterone

Question 64

Of the 2 hormones produced by the gonads, ________, which include testosterone, are involved in sexual interest and cause the development of secondary sex characteristics in males; _______ and ________ are found primarily in women and are necessary for healthy reproductive function.

Answer 64

Androgens; estrogens; progesterone

Question 64

Of the 2 hormones produced by the gonads, ________, which include testosterone, are involved in sexual interest and cause the development of secondary sex characteristics in males; _______ and ________ are found primarily in women and are necessary for healthy reproductive function.

Answer 64

Androgens; estrogens; progesterone

Question 65

What occurs in women as a result of a drop in estrogen,
progesterone, and testosterone
and is characterized by hot flashes, insomnia, mood
swings, urinary incontinence, and vaginal changes?

Answer 65

Menopause

Question 65

What occurs in women as a result of a drop in estrogen,
progesterone, and testosterone
and is characterized by hot flashes, insomnia, mood
swings, urinary incontinence, and vaginal changes?

Answer 65

Menopause

Question 65

What occurs in women as a result of a drop in estrogen,
progesterone, and testosterone
and is characterized by hot flashes, insomnia, mood
swings, urinary incontinence, and vaginal changes?

Answer 65

Menopause

Question 66

Research has shown that low desire for sex in
women seems to be correlated more with a
lack of ________ rather than ________.

Answer 66

Androgens; estrogens

Question 66

Research has shown that low desire for sex in
women seems to be correlated more with a
lack of ________ rather than ________.

Answer 66

Androgens; estrogens

Question 66

Research has shown that low desire for sex in
women seems to be correlated more with a
lack of ________ rather than ________.

Answer 66

Androgens; estrogens

Question 67

In terms of sexual function, a man who is paralyzed from the waist down would most likely be able to what?

Answer 67

Attain an erection but not ejaculate

Question 67

In terms of sexual function, a man who is paralyzed from the waist down would most likely be able to what?

Answer 67

Attain an erection but not ejaculate

Question 67

In terms of sexual function, a man who is paralyzed from the waist down would most likely be able to what?

Answer 67

Attain an erection but not ejaculate

Question 68

During periods of relaxed wakefulness, ________

waves are typically found on an EEG, while ________ waves are more predominant during active, alert states.

Answer 68

Alpha; beta

Question 68

During periods of relaxed wakefulness, ________

waves are typically found on an EEG, while ________ waves are more predominant during active, alert states.

Answer 68

Alpha; beta

Question 68

During periods of relaxed wakefulness, ________

waves are typically found on an EEG, while ________ waves are more predominant during active, alert states.

Answer 68

Alpha; beta

Question 69

During this period of sleep,
paradoxically, EEG activity
is typical of an aroused nervous system, while the
person's responsiveness
to the environment is very low.

Answer 69

REM (rapid

eye movement)

Question 69

During this period of sleep,
paradoxically, EEG activity
is typical of an aroused nervous system, while the
person's responsiveness
to the environment is very low.

Answer 69

REM (rapid

eye movement)

Question 69

During this period of sleep,
paradoxically, EEG activity
is typical of an aroused nervous system, while the
person's responsiveness
to the environment is very low.

Answer 69

REM (rapid

eye movement)

Question 70

True or False:
Dreaming only
occurs during REM sleep?

Answer 70

False- research suggests that dreaming occurs in non-REM sleep, though REM dreams are more vivid, emotionally-laden, and more likely to be remembered

Question 70

True or False:
Dreaming only
occurs during REM sleep?

Answer 70

False- research suggests that dreaming occurs in non-REM sleep, though REM dreams are more vivid, emotionally-laden, and more likely to be remembered

Question 70

True or False:
Dreaming only
occurs during REM sleep?

Answer 70

False- research suggests that dreaming occurs in non-REM sleep, though REM dreams are more vivid, emotionally-laden, and more likely to be remembered

Question 71

As people age, the total
amount of sleep time ________ and the
proportion of non-REM to REM sleep ________.

Answer 71

Decreases; increases

Question 71

As people age, the total
amount of sleep time ________ and the
proportion of non-REM to REM sleep ________.

Answer 71

Decreases; increases

Question 71

As people age, the total
amount of sleep time ________ and the
proportion of non-REM to REM sleep ________.

Answer 71

Decreases; increases

Question 72

This term refers to the strengthening of the connection between 2 nerve cells in the hippocampus that lasts for an extended period of time; it is commonly regarded as the cellular basis of memory.

Answer 72

Long-term potentiation

Question 72

This term refers to the strengthening of the connection between 2 nerve cells in the hippocampus that lasts for an extended period of time; it is commonly regarded as the cellular basis of memory.

Answer 72

Long-term potentiation

Question 72

This term refers to the strengthening of the connection between 2 nerve cells in the hippocampus that lasts for an extended period of time; it is commonly regarded as the cellular basis of memory.

Answer 72

Long-term potentiation

Question 73

True or False:

Research has suggested that RNA may play a role in memory?

Answer 73

True- untrained organisms
injected with RNA from
trained organisms learned
conditioned responses
more quickly than control organisms

Question 73

True or False:

Research has suggested that RNA may play a role in memory?

Answer 73

True- untrained organisms
injected with RNA from
trained organisms learned
conditioned responses
more quickly than control organisms

Question 73

True or False:

Research has suggested that RNA may play a role in memory?

Answer 73

True- untrained organisms
injected with RNA from
trained organisms learned
conditioned responses
more quickly than control organisms

Question 74

What bodily system is made up of ductless, hormone secreting glands that travel through the blood to influence organ function?

Answer 74

The endocrine system

Question 74

What bodily system is made up of ductless, hormone secreting glands that travel through the blood to influence organ function?

Answer 74

The endocrine system

Question 74

What bodily system is made up of ductless, hormone secreting glands that travel through the blood to influence organ function?

Answer 74

The endocrine system

Question 75

Referred to as the “master gland,” the ________ secretes hormones that act directly on organs (e.g., growth hormone, antidiuretic hormone) as well as hormones that influence the secretions of other glands.

Answer 75

Pituitary gland

Question 75

Referred to as the “master gland,” the ________ secretes hormones that act directly on organs (e.g., growth hormone, antidiuretic hormone) as well as hormones that influence the secretions of other glands.

Answer 75

Pituitary gland

Question 75

Referred to as the “master gland,” the ________ secretes hormones that act directly on organs (e.g., growth hormone, antidiuretic hormone) as well as hormones that influence the secretions of other glands.

Answer 75

Pituitary gland

Question 76

What hormone stimulates growth by acting on the epiphyseal plates at the ends of bones and, when over-secreted or under-secreted, can lead to giantism or dwarfism, respectively?

Answer 76

Growth hormone (aka somatotropic hormone)

Question 76

What hormone stimulates growth by acting on the epiphyseal plates at the ends of bones and, when over-secreted or under-secreted, can lead to giantism or dwarfism, respectively?

Answer 76

Growth hormone (aka somatotropic hormone)

Question 76

What hormone stimulates growth by acting on the epiphyseal plates at the ends of bones and, when over-secreted or under-secreted, can lead to giantism or dwarfism, respectively?

Answer 76

Growth hormone (aka somatotropic hormone)

Question 77

When necessary bodily fluids are low, this hormone inhibits urination; diabetes insipidus (excessive water loss) is the result of under-secretion of this hormone.

Answer 77

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 77

When necessary bodily fluids are low, this hormone inhibits urination; diabetes insipidus (excessive water loss) is the result of under-secretion of this hormone.

Answer 77

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 77

When necessary bodily fluids are low, this hormone inhibits urination; diabetes insipidus (excessive water loss) is the result of under-secretion of this hormone.

Answer 77

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 78

The pituitary gland releases ________ hormone, influencing the release of ________, which stimulates the liver to convert energy stores into glucose.

Answer 78

Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH); cortisol

Question 78

The pituitary gland releases ________ hormone, influencing the release of ________, which stimulates the liver to convert energy stores into glucose.

Answer 78

Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH); cortisol

Question 78

The pituitary gland releases ________ hormone, influencing the release of ________, which stimulates the liver to convert energy stores into glucose.

Answer 78

Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH); cortisol

Question 79

Under-secretion of ACTH causes ________, which is characterized by fatigue, appetite loss, depression, and fainting spells; over-secretion leads to ________, which is characterized by obesity, memory loss, depression, mood swings, and somatic delusions.

Answer 79

Addison’s Disease; Cushing’s Disease

Question 79

Under-secretion of ACTH causes ________, which is characterized by fatigue, appetite loss, depression, and fainting spells; over-secretion leads to ________, which is characterized by obesity, memory loss, depression, mood swings, and somatic delusions.

Answer 79

Addison’s Disease; Cushing’s Disease

Question 79

Under-secretion of ACTH causes ________, which is characterized by fatigue, appetite loss, depression, and fainting spells; over-secretion leads to ________, which is characterized by obesity, memory loss, depression, mood swings, and somatic delusions.

Answer 79

Addison’s Disease; Cushing’s Disease

Question 80

What is true about a person’s cortisol levels throughout a single day?

Answer 80

They typically peak early in the day and fall in the evening

Question 80

What is true about a person’s cortisol levels throughout a single day?

Answer 80

They typically peak early in the day and fall in the evening

Question 80

What is true about a person’s cortisol levels throughout a single day?

Answer 80

They typically peak early in the day and fall in the evening

Question 81

What gland controls
metabolism through
its release of the hormone thyroxin?

Answer 81

Thyroid gland

Question 81

What gland controls
metabolism through
its release of the hormone thyroxin?

Answer 81

Thyroid gland

Question 81

What gland controls
metabolism through
its release of the hormone thyroxin?

Answer 81

Thyroid gland

Question 82

________ involves slowed metabolism, reduced appetite, weight gain, decreased heart rate and body temp, low libido, depression, and impaired cognitive processes (e.g., concentration, memory); symptoms of ________ include high body temp, increased metabolism, increased appetite, weight loss, nervousness, agitation, fatigue, insomnia, mania, and decreased capacity for attention.

Answer 82

Hypothyroidism; Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s Disease)

Question 82

________ involves slowed metabolism, reduced appetite, weight gain, decreased heart rate and body temp, low libido, depression, and impaired cognitive processes (e.g., concentration, memory); symptoms of ________ include high body temp, increased metabolism, increased appetite, weight loss, nervousness, agitation, fatigue, insomnia, mania, and decreased capacity for attention.

Answer 82

Hypothyroidism; Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s Disease)

Question 82

________ involves slowed metabolism, reduced appetite, weight gain, decreased heart rate and body temp, low libido, depression, and impaired cognitive processes (e.g., concentration, memory); symptoms of ________ include high body temp, increased metabolism, increased appetite, weight loss, nervousness, agitation, fatigue, insomnia, mania, and decreased capacity for attention.

Answer 82

Hypothyroidism; Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s Disease)

Question 83

The pancreas releases ________, which functions to help the body absorb and make use of glucose and amino acids; the body’s inability to produce it causes ________, while over-production leads to ________.

Answer 83

Insulin; diabetes mellitus; hypoglycemia

Question 83

The pancreas releases ________, which functions to help the body absorb and make use of glucose and amino acids; the body’s inability to produce it causes ________, while over-production leads to ________.

Answer 83

Insulin; diabetes mellitus; hypoglycemia

Question 83

The pancreas releases ________, which functions to help the body absorb and make use of glucose and amino acids; the body’s inability to produce it causes ________, while over-production leads to ________.

Answer 83

Insulin; diabetes mellitus; hypoglycemia

Question 84

Of the 2 kinds of receptors in the eye, ________ are sensitive only to brightness levels and are specifically adapted to sense stimuli in low levels of light, while ________ are responsible for seeing color and function only in brighter environments.

Answer 84

Rods; cones

Question 84

Of the 2 kinds of receptors in the eye, ________ are sensitive only to brightness levels and are specifically adapted to sense stimuli in low levels of light, while ________ are responsible for seeing color and function only in brighter environments.

Answer 84

Rods; cones

Question 84

Of the 2 kinds of receptors in the eye, ________ are sensitive only to brightness levels and are specifically adapted to sense stimuli in low levels of light, while ________ are responsible for seeing color and function only in brighter environments.

Answer 84

Rods; cones

Question 85

True or False: Information seen with the right eye travels only to the left hemisphere of the brain, and vice versa?

Answer 85

False- It travels to both hemispheres, as both eyes receive info from the left and right visual field; however, information from one visual field is transmitted only to the opposite hemisphere

Question 85

True or False: Information seen with the right eye travels only to the left hemisphere of the brain, and vice versa?

Answer 85

False- It travels to both hemispheres, as both eyes receive info from the left and right visual field; however, information from one visual field is transmitted only to the opposite hemisphere

Question 85

True or False: Information seen with the right eye travels only to the left hemisphere of the brain, and vice versa?

Answer 85

False- It travels to both hemispheres, as both eyes receive info from the left and right visual field; however, information from one visual field is transmitted only to the opposite hemisphere

Question 86

The ability to orient oneself toward the direction of a sound, indicated by the turning of one’s head toward the sound, is referred to as what?

Answer 86

Auditory localization

Question 86

The ability to orient oneself toward the direction of a sound, indicated by the turning of one’s head toward the sound, is referred to as what?

Answer 86

Auditory localization

Question 86

The ability to orient oneself toward the direction of a sound, indicated by the turning of one’s head toward the sound, is referred to as what?

Answer 86

Auditory localization

Question 87

True or False: Depressive disorders and alcohol dependence are more common in the first-degree relatives of people with chronic pain?

Answer 87

True- this suggests
an environmental
or genetic predisposition for developing pain

Question 87

True or False: Depressive disorders and alcohol dependence are more common in the first-degree relatives of people with chronic pain?

Answer 87

True- this suggests
an environmental
or genetic predisposition for developing pain

Question 87

True or False: Depressive disorders and alcohol dependence are more common in the first-degree relatives of people with chronic pain?

Answer 87

True- this suggests
an environmental
or genetic predisposition for developing pain

Question 88

According to this theory of pain, activation of nerves that do not transmit pain signals can interfere with signals from pain fibers and inhibit one’s perception of pain (e.g., massaging sore muscles = afferent, engaging in distracting mental activities = efferent).

Answer 88

Gate-Control Theory

Question 88

According to this theory of pain, activation of nerves that do not transmit pain signals can interfere with signals from pain fibers and inhibit one’s perception of pain (e.g., massaging sore muscles = afferent, engaging in distracting mental activities = efferent).

Answer 88

Gate-Control Theory

Question 88

According to this theory of pain, activation of nerves that do not transmit pain signals can interfere with signals from pain fibers and inhibit one’s perception of pain (e.g., massaging sore muscles = afferent, engaging in distracting mental activities = efferent).

Answer 88

Gate-Control Theory

Question 89

What sense is considered the
most primitive (phylogenetically
lowest) due to the fact that information received by it is not
relayed from the thalamus to
the cortex, but runs directly to the limbic system?

Answer 89

Smell (olfaction)

Question 89

What sense is considered the
most primitive (phylogenetically
lowest) due to the fact that information received by it is not
relayed from the thalamus to
the cortex, but runs directly to the limbic system?

Answer 89

Smell (olfaction)

Question 89

What sense is considered the
most primitive (phylogenetically
lowest) due to the fact that information received by it is not
relayed from the thalamus to
the cortex, but runs directly to the limbic system?

Answer 89

Smell (olfaction)

Question 90

This term refers to the study of the relationship between the magnitude of physical stimuli and psychological sensations (subjective correlates; percepts).

Answer 90

Psychophysics

Question 90

This term refers to the study of the relationship between the magnitude of physical stimuli and psychological sensations (subjective correlates; percepts).

Answer 90

Psychophysics

Question 90

This term refers to the study of the relationship between the magnitude of physical stimuli and psychological sensations (subjective correlates; percepts).

Answer 90

Psychophysics

Question 91

According to psychophysics, the level of intensity of a stimulus at which a subject is able to detect the presence of the stimulus some proportion (usually 50%) of the time (e.g., the softest a sound can be and still be heard) is referred to as what?

Answer 91

Absolute threshold (aka detection threshold)

Question 91

According to psychophysics, the level of intensity of a stimulus at which a subject is able to detect the presence of the stimulus some proportion (usually 50%) of the time (e.g., the softest a sound can be and still be heard) is referred to as what?

Answer 91

Absolute threshold (aka detection threshold)

Question 91

According to psychophysics, the level of intensity of a stimulus at which a subject is able to detect the presence of the stimulus some proportion (usually 50%) of the time (e.g., the softest a sound can be and still be heard) is referred to as what?

Answer 91

Absolute threshold (aka detection threshold)

Question 92

What psychophysics term refers to the magnitude of the difference between 2 stimuli of differing intensities that a subject is able to detect some proportion (usually 50%) of the time (e.g., differences in small changes in weight of an item)?

Answer 92

Difference threshold (aka just noticeable difference)

Question 92

What psychophysics term refers to the magnitude of the difference between 2 stimuli of differing intensities that a subject is able to detect some proportion (usually 50%) of the time (e.g., differences in small changes in weight of an item)?

Answer 92

Difference threshold (aka just noticeable difference)

Question 92

What psychophysics term refers to the magnitude of the difference between 2 stimuli of differing intensities that a subject is able to detect some proportion (usually 50%) of the time (e.g., differences in small changes in weight of an item)?

Answer 92

Difference threshold (aka just noticeable difference)

Question 93


While Fechner’s law of psychophysics states that changes in the magnitude of a physical stimulus are logarithmically related to changes in physical sensations, Stevens’ ________ proposes there is an exponential relationship between the magnitude of physical stimuli and internal sensations, with the exponent varying for different types of stimuli.

Answer 93

Power law

Question 93


While Fechner’s law of psychophysics states that changes in the magnitude of a physical stimulus are logarithmically related to changes in physical sensations, Stevens’ ________ proposes there is an exponential relationship between the magnitude of physical stimuli and internal sensations, with the exponent varying for different types of stimuli.

Answer 93

Power law

Question 93


While Fechner’s law of psychophysics states that changes in the magnitude of a physical stimulus are logarithmically related to changes in physical sensations, Stevens’ ________ proposes there is an exponential relationship between the magnitude of physical stimuli and internal sensations, with the exponent varying for different types of stimuli.

Answer 93

Power law

Question 94

________ brain imaging techniques include Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT or CT scan) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which take a series of images at different levels of the brain providing direct visualization of structures and features.

Answer 94

Structural

Question 94

________ brain imaging techniques include Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT or CT scan) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which take a series of images at different levels of the brain providing direct visualization of structures and features.

Answer 94

Structural

Question 94

________ brain imaging techniques include Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT or CT scan) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which take a series of images at different levels of the brain providing direct visualization of structures and features.

Answer 94

Structural

Question 95

Regarding structural brain imaging techniques, ________ measures density
of brain tissue and is helpful in identifying
tumors, blood clots, tissue damage, and
multiple sclerosis, while ________ provides 3D images with more precise
detail, does not require the use of x-rays, and is useful in examining the central nervous system.

Answer 95

CT scan; MRI

Question 95

Regarding structural brain imaging techniques, ________ measures density
of brain tissue and is helpful in identifying
tumors, blood clots, tissue damage, and
multiple sclerosis, while ________ provides 3D images with more precise
detail, does not require the use of x-rays, and is useful in examining the central nervous system.

Answer 95

CT scan; MRI

Question 95

Regarding structural brain imaging techniques, ________ measures density
of brain tissue and is helpful in identifying
tumors, blood clots, tissue damage, and
multiple sclerosis, while ________ provides 3D images with more precise
detail, does not require the use of x-rays, and is useful in examining the central nervous system.

Answer 95

CT scan; MRI

Question 96

What types of brain
imaging techniques include Positron Emission
Tomography (PET) and
single photon emission
computed tomography (SPECT).

Answer 96

Functional techniques

Question 96

What types of brain
imaging techniques include Positron Emission
Tomography (PET) and
single photon emission
computed tomography (SPECT).

Answer 96

Functional techniques

Question 96

What types of brain
imaging techniques include Positron Emission
Tomography (PET) and
single photon emission
computed tomography (SPECT).

Answer 96

Functional techniques

Question 97

This functional brain imaging technique uses small amounts of injected radioactive material to measure regional cerebral blood flow, glucose metabolism, or oxygen consumption; it is useful for identifying brain dysfunction due to stroke, epilepsy, tumor, and other conditions.

Answer 97

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Question 97

This functional brain imaging technique uses small amounts of injected radioactive material to measure regional cerebral blood flow, glucose metabolism, or oxygen consumption; it is useful for identifying brain dysfunction due to stroke, epilepsy, tumor, and other conditions.

Answer 97

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Question 97

This functional brain imaging technique uses small amounts of injected radioactive material to measure regional cerebral blood flow, glucose metabolism, or oxygen consumption; it is useful for identifying brain dysfunction due to stroke, epilepsy, tumor, and other conditions.

Answer 97

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Question 98

Regarding focal brain syndromes, ________
refers to impaired ability to produce or comprehend written or spoken language, ________ refers to impaired reading abilities, ________ involves impaired ability to execute learned purposeful movements, ________ is the inability to recognize familiar objects in the absence of a primary sensory system disturbance, and ________ is the inability (or unwillingness) to acknowledge one’s own functional impairment.

Answer 98

Aphasia;
alexia; apraxia;
agnosia; anosognosia

Question 98

Regarding focal brain syndromes, ________
refers to impaired ability to produce or comprehend written or spoken language, ________ refers to impaired reading abilities, ________ involves impaired ability to execute learned purposeful movements, ________ is the inability to recognize familiar objects in the absence of a primary sensory system disturbance, and ________ is the inability (or unwillingness) to acknowledge one’s own functional impairment.

Answer 98

Aphasia;
alexia; apraxia;
agnosia; anosognosia

Question 98

Regarding focal brain syndromes, ________
refers to impaired ability to produce or comprehend written or spoken language, ________ refers to impaired reading abilities, ________ involves impaired ability to execute learned purposeful movements, ________ is the inability to recognize familiar objects in the absence of a primary sensory system disturbance, and ________ is the inability (or unwillingness) to acknowledge one’s own functional impairment.

Answer 98

Aphasia;
alexia; apraxia;
agnosia; anosognosia

Question 99

Often mistaken for aphasia, what condition involves problems in articulation due to lesions or disease that disrupt the control of speech (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, and multiple sclerosis)?

Answer 99

Dysarthria

Question 99

Often mistaken for aphasia, what condition involves problems in articulation due to lesions or disease that disrupt the control of speech (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, and multiple sclerosis)?

Answer 99

Dysarthria

Question 99

Often mistaken for aphasia, what condition involves problems in articulation due to lesions or disease that disrupt the control of speech (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, and multiple sclerosis)?

Answer 99

Dysarthria

Question 100

A person with ________ apraxia cannot respond to commands requiring particular movement (e.g., pick up a fork) but may be able to do so spontaneously, while those with ________ apraxia cannot draw or copy simple figures or arrange blocks in a pattern.

Answer 100

Ideomotor; constructional

Question 100

A person with ________ apraxia cannot respond to commands requiring particular movement (e.g., pick up a fork) but may be able to do so spontaneously, while those with ________ apraxia cannot draw or copy simple figures or arrange blocks in a pattern.

Answer 100

Ideomotor; constructional

Question 100

A person with ________ apraxia cannot respond to commands requiring particular movement (e.g., pick up a fork) but may be able to do so spontaneously, while those with ________ apraxia cannot draw or copy simple figures or arrange blocks in a pattern.

Answer 100

Ideomotor; constructional

Question 101

A person with this type of visual agnosia is unable to recognize objects by sight but can identify them by touch.

Answer 101

Aperceptive agnosia

Question 101

A person with this type of visual agnosia is unable to recognize objects by sight but can identify them by touch.

Answer 101

Aperceptive agnosia

Question 101

A person with this type of visual agnosia is unable to recognize objects by sight but can identify them by touch.

Answer 101

Aperceptive agnosia

Question 102

A person who is unable to
recognize familiar faces, though maintains the capacity to recognize other objects, and can identify others by the sound of their voice, style of dress, or other characteristics likely has this type of agnosia.

Answer 102

Prosopagnosia

Question 102

A person who is unable to
recognize familiar faces, though maintains the capacity to recognize other objects, and can identify others by the sound of their voice, style of dress, or other characteristics likely has this type of agnosia.

Answer 102

Prosopagnosia

Question 102

A person who is unable to
recognize familiar faces, though maintains the capacity to recognize other objects, and can identify others by the sound of their voice, style of dress, or other characteristics likely has this type of agnosia.

Answer 102

Prosopagnosia

Question 103

A person who begins experiencing dull headaches, seizures, nausea and projectile vomiting, changes in vision and hearing, and/or other focal neurological signs (e.g., localized sensory loss, paresthesias, ataxia) is exhibiting symptoms of what?

Answer 103

Brain tumor

Question 103

A person who begins experiencing dull headaches, seizures, nausea and projectile vomiting, changes in vision and hearing, and/or other focal neurological signs (e.g., localized sensory loss, paresthesias, ataxia) is exhibiting symptoms of what?

Answer 103

Brain tumor

Question 103

A person who begins experiencing dull headaches, seizures, nausea and projectile vomiting, changes in vision and hearing, and/or other focal neurological signs (e.g., localized sensory loss, paresthesias, ataxia) is exhibiting symptoms of what?

Answer 103

Brain tumor

Question 104

What occurs when blood flow to the brain experiences a severe, sudden interference, such as by a blood clot (embolism) or hemorrhage, which leads to the onset of neurological symptoms?

Answer 104

Stroke (aka cerebrovascular

accident, or CVA)

Question 104

What occurs when blood flow to the brain experiences a severe, sudden interference, such as by a blood clot (embolism) or hemorrhage, which leads to the onset of neurological symptoms?

Answer 104

Stroke (aka cerebrovascular

accident, or CVA)

Question 104

What occurs when blood flow to the brain experiences a severe, sudden interference, such as by a blood clot (embolism) or hemorrhage, which leads to the onset of neurological symptoms?

Answer 104

Stroke (aka cerebrovascular

accident, or CVA)

Question 105

True or False: Symptoms caused by an open head injury (e.g., gun shot wound) tend to resolve more rapidly than problems caused by a closed head injury (e.g., severe car accident)?

Answer 105

True- open head injuries are usually focal, affecting
a specific part of the brain,
while closed head injuries
are more diffuse and lead to widespread damage

Question 105

True or False: Symptoms caused by an open head injury (e.g., gun shot wound) tend to resolve more rapidly than problems caused by a closed head injury (e.g., severe car accident)?

Answer 105

True- open head injuries are usually focal, affecting
a specific part of the brain,
while closed head injuries
are more diffuse and lead to widespread damage

Question 105

True or False: Symptoms caused by an open head injury (e.g., gun shot wound) tend to resolve more rapidly than problems caused by a closed head injury (e.g., severe car accident)?

Answer 105

True- open head injuries are usually focal, affecting
a specific part of the brain,
while closed head injuries
are more diffuse and lead to widespread damage

Question 106

What is the best overall predictor of
prognosis following
a closed head injury?

Answer 106

Duration of anterograde

(posttraumatic) amnesia

Question 106

What is the best overall predictor of
prognosis following
a closed head injury?

Answer 106

Duration of anterograde

(posttraumatic) amnesia

Question 106

What is the best overall predictor of
prognosis following
a closed head injury?

Answer 106

Duration of anterograde

(posttraumatic) amnesia

Question 107

This neurodegenerative genetic disorder is characterized by affective and personality changes, forgetfulness, and most prominently, motor symptoms such as incoordination, clumsiness, and eventually involuntary jerky movements.

Answer 107

Huntington’s Chorea (chorea = involuntary writhing movements)

Question 107

This neurodegenerative genetic disorder is characterized by affective and personality changes, forgetfulness, and most prominently, motor symptoms such as incoordination, clumsiness, and eventually involuntary jerky movements.

Answer 107

Huntington’s Chorea (chorea = involuntary writhing movements)

Question 107

This neurodegenerative genetic disorder is characterized by affective and personality changes, forgetfulness, and most prominently, motor symptoms such as incoordination, clumsiness, and eventually involuntary jerky movements.

Answer 107

Huntington’s Chorea (chorea = involuntary writhing movements)

Question 108

What motor disorder is characterized by muscle rigidity,
tremor, involuntary movements, akinesia (slowed movement,
emotionless speech, blank facial expression), posture and
equilibrium disturbances, and often depression?

Answer 108

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 108

What motor disorder is characterized by muscle rigidity,
tremor, involuntary movements, akinesia (slowed movement,
emotionless speech, blank facial expression), posture and
equilibrium disturbances, and often depression?

Answer 108

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 108

What motor disorder is characterized by muscle rigidity,
tremor, involuntary movements, akinesia (slowed movement,
emotionless speech, blank facial expression), posture and
equilibrium disturbances, and often depression?

Answer 108

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 109

What type of antidepressants work by blocking
norepinephrine and serotonin
reuptake at the synapse, and are used not only to treat depression, but panic attacks, OCD, bulimia, chronic pain, and agoraphobia?

Answer 109

Tricyclics (e.g., imipramine [Tofranil], clomipramine [Anafranil], amitriptyline [Elavil])

Question 109

What type of antidepressants work by blocking
norepinephrine and serotonin
reuptake at the synapse, and are used not only to treat depression, but panic attacks, OCD, bulimia, chronic pain, and agoraphobia?

Answer 109

Tricyclics (e.g., imipramine [Tofranil], clomipramine [Anafranil], amitriptyline [Elavil])

Question 109

What type of antidepressants work by blocking
norepinephrine and serotonin
reuptake at the synapse, and are used not only to treat depression, but panic attacks, OCD, bulimia, chronic pain, and agoraphobia?

Answer 109

Tricyclics (e.g., imipramine [Tofranil], clomipramine [Anafranil], amitriptyline [Elavil])

Question 110

Commonly used to treat
depression, OCD, panic disorder, binge eating, and other anxiety disorders, ________ work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing the availability at the synapse.

Answer 110

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
(e.g., fluoxetine [Prozac], sertraline
[Zoloft], paroxetine [Paxil])

Question 110

Commonly used to treat
depression, OCD, panic disorder, binge eating, and other anxiety disorders, ________ work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing the availability at the synapse.

Answer 110

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
(e.g., fluoxetine [Prozac], sertraline
[Zoloft], paroxetine [Paxil])

Question 110

Commonly used to treat
depression, OCD, panic disorder, binge eating, and other anxiety disorders, ________ work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing the availability at the synapse.

Answer 110

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
(e.g., fluoxetine [Prozac], sertraline
[Zoloft], paroxetine [Paxil])

Question 111

Use of an SSRI causes some people to experience unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness that manifests itself as an inability to remain still. This is referred to as what?

Answer 111

Akathesia

Question 111

Use of an SSRI causes some people to experience unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness that manifests itself as an inability to remain still. This is referred to as what?

Answer 111

Akathesia

Question 111

Use of an SSRI causes some people to experience unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness that manifests itself as an inability to remain still. This is referred to as what?

Answer 111

Akathesia

Question 112

Usually used to treat atypical symptoms of depression, ________ block the action of enzymes that break down norepinephrine and serotonin, thereby making them more available at synapses.

Answer 112

Monamine Oxidase
Inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine [Nardil],
tranylcypromine [Parnate])

Question 112

Usually used to treat atypical symptoms of depression, ________ block the action of enzymes that break down norepinephrine and serotonin, thereby making them more available at synapses.

Answer 112

Monamine Oxidase
Inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine [Nardil],
tranylcypromine [Parnate])

Question 112

Usually used to treat atypical symptoms of depression, ________ block the action of enzymes that break down norepinephrine and serotonin, thereby making them more available at synapses.

Answer 112

Monamine Oxidase
Inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine [Nardil],
tranylcypromine [Parnate])

Question 113

The most popular medication used to treat

bipolar, ________ is believed to work by reducing postsynaptic responsivity to dopamine and norepinephrine.

Answer 113

Lithium

Question 113

The most popular medication used to treat

bipolar, ________ is believed to work by reducing postsynaptic responsivity to dopamine and norepinephrine.

Answer 113

Lithium

Question 113

The most popular medication used to treat

bipolar, ________ is believed to work by reducing postsynaptic responsivity to dopamine and norepinephrine.

Answer 113

Lithium

Question 114

What is one of the most common side effects of lithium?

Answer 114

Fine hand tremor

Question 114

What is one of the most common side effects of lithium?

Answer 114

Fine hand tremor

Question 114

What is one of the most common side effects of lithium?

Answer 114

Fine hand tremor

Question 115

The notion that schizophrenia is the result of overactivity of dopamine is referred to as what?

Answer 115

The dopamine hypothesis

Question 115

The notion that schizophrenia is the result of overactivity of dopamine is referred to as what?

Answer 115

The dopamine hypothesis

Question 115

The notion that schizophrenia is the result of overactivity of dopamine is referred to as what?

Answer 115

The dopamine hypothesis

Question 116

________ antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, haloperidol) are most useful at alleviating positive symptoms of psychosis, whereas ________ antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, risperidone) effectively alleviate both positive and negative symptoms.

Answer 116

Traditional; atypical

Question 116

________ antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, haloperidol) are most useful at alleviating positive symptoms of psychosis, whereas ________ antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, risperidone) effectively alleviate both positive and negative symptoms.

Answer 116

Traditional; atypical

Question 116

________ antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, haloperidol) are most useful at alleviating positive symptoms of psychosis, whereas ________ antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, risperidone) effectively alleviate both positive and negative symptoms.

Answer 116

Traditional; atypical

Question 117

One of the most serious side effects of traditional
antipsychotics, this condition is
characterized by repetitive,
involuntary, purposeless movements, including lip smacking, grimacing, puckering lips, and rapid eye blinking.

Answer 117

Tardive dyskinesia

Question 117

One of the most serious side effects of traditional
antipsychotics, this condition is
characterized by repetitive,
involuntary, purposeless movements, including lip smacking, grimacing, puckering lips, and rapid eye blinking.

Answer 117

Tardive dyskinesia

Question 117

One of the most serious side effects of traditional
antipsychotics, this condition is
characterized by repetitive,
involuntary, purposeless movements, including lip smacking, grimacing, puckering lips, and rapid eye blinking.

Answer 117

Tardive dyskinesia

Question 118

True of False: Symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can be expected to immediately diminish as a person is gradually withdrawn from taking the drug?

Answer 118

False- usually
symptoms temporarily
increase before decreasing

Question 118

True of False: Symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can be expected to immediately diminish as a person is gradually withdrawn from taking the drug?

Answer 118

False- usually
symptoms temporarily
increase before decreasing

Question 118

True of False: Symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can be expected to immediately diminish as a person is gradually withdrawn from taking the drug?

Answer 118

False- usually
symptoms temporarily
increase before decreasing

Question 119

What class of drugs are the most commonly prescribed to treat anxiety and panic disorders, are addictive when improperly used, and work by enhancing the activity of GABA, a neurotransmitter that has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system?

Answer 119

Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam [Valium], alprazolam [Xanax], clonazepam [Klonopin])

Question 119

What class of drugs are the most commonly prescribed to treat anxiety and panic disorders, are addictive when improperly used, and work by enhancing the activity of GABA, a neurotransmitter that has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system?

Answer 119

Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam [Valium], alprazolam [Xanax], clonazepam [Klonopin])

Question 119

What class of drugs are the most commonly prescribed to treat anxiety and panic disorders, are addictive when improperly used, and work by enhancing the activity of GABA, a neurotransmitter that has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system?

Answer 119

Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam [Valium], alprazolam [Xanax], clonazepam [Klonopin])

Question 120

This drug is commonly used to
treat anxiety and works by interrupting impulses to the reticular activating system; it is rarely prescribed anymore due to its addictiveness and the effectiveness of safer benzodiazepines.

Answer 120

Barbiturates (e.g., thiopental [Pentothal], amobarbital [Amytal])

Question 120

This drug is commonly used to
treat anxiety and works by interrupting impulses to the reticular activating system; it is rarely prescribed anymore due to its addictiveness and the effectiveness of safer benzodiazepines.

Answer 120

Barbiturates (e.g., thiopental [Pentothal], amobarbital [Amytal])

Question 120

This drug is commonly used to
treat anxiety and works by interrupting impulses to the reticular activating system; it is rarely prescribed anymore due to its addictiveness and the effectiveness of safer benzodiazepines.

Answer 120

Barbiturates (e.g., thiopental [Pentothal], amobarbital [Amytal])

Question 121

Typically used to treat anxiety
disorders, ________ differs from benzodiazepines and
other anxiolytics in that it does
not produce sedative, anticonvulsant, or muscle
relaxant side effects, nor does it appear to be addictive.

Answer 121

Buspirone (BuSpar)

Question 121

Typically used to treat anxiety
disorders, ________ differs from benzodiazepines and
other anxiolytics in that it does
not produce sedative, anticonvulsant, or muscle
relaxant side effects, nor does it appear to be addictive.

Answer 121

Buspirone (BuSpar)

Question 121

Typically used to treat anxiety
disorders, ________ differs from benzodiazepines and
other anxiolytics in that it does
not produce sedative, anticonvulsant, or muscle
relaxant side effects, nor does it appear to be addictive.

Answer 121

Buspirone (BuSpar)

Question 122

A person presenting with symptoms of severe anxiety about public speaking might be prescribed what type of drug, which is good at treating the physical symptoms of anxiety and traditionally used to treat hypertension, migraine, essential tremor, and cardiac arrhythmias?

Answer 122

Beta-Blocker

e.g., propranolol [Inderal]

Question 122

A person presenting with symptoms of severe anxiety about public speaking might be prescribed what type of drug, which is good at treating the physical symptoms of anxiety and traditionally used to treat hypertension, migraine, essential tremor, and cardiac arrhythmias?

Answer 122

Beta-Blocker

e.g., propranolol [Inderal]

Question 122

A person presenting with symptoms of severe anxiety about public speaking might be prescribed what type of drug, which is good at treating the physical symptoms of anxiety and traditionally used to treat hypertension, migraine, essential tremor, and cardiac arrhythmias?

Answer 122

Beta-Blocker

e.g., propranolol [Inderal]

Question 123

Often used to treat ADHD, ________ is a psychostimulant that decreases motor activity, diminishes impulsivity, and increases concentration and attention.

Answer 123

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Question 123

Often used to treat ADHD, ________ is a psychostimulant that decreases motor activity, diminishes impulsivity, and increases concentration and attention.

Answer 123

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Question 123

Often used to treat ADHD, ________ is a psychostimulant that decreases motor activity, diminishes impulsivity, and increases concentration and attention.

Answer 123

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Question 124

True or False: A person prescribed Ritalin to treat ADHD is encouraged to take the drug continuously for the best effects?

Answer 124

False- psychostimulants can lead to growth suppression in youngsters, thus many doctors recommend “drug holidays”

Question 124

True or False: A person prescribed Ritalin to treat ADHD is encouraged to take the drug continuously for the best effects?

Answer 124

False- psychostimulants can lead to growth suppression in youngsters, thus many doctors recommend “drug holidays”

Question 124

True or False: A person prescribed Ritalin to treat ADHD is encouraged to take the drug continuously for the best effects?

Answer 124

False- psychostimulants can lead to growth suppression in youngsters, thus many doctors recommend “drug holidays”