Neurons and Glia Flashcards
Type of neuron with single process with peripheral branch and central branch, found in sensory glia
Unipolar (pseudounipolar)
End feet of these wrap blood vessels as part of the BBB
Astrocytes
These cells are about .01-.05 mm in diameter and couldn’t be studied without microscope
Neurons
When environment, learning, drug exposure can change gene regulation with changes potentially being passed to offspring
Epigenetics
Shortest of the cytoskeleton components
Microfilaments
Unique cell part to neurons with little to no RER, but has ribosomes, microRNAs, and mRNAs
Axon
Study of axonal transport that use GFP or other labeled proteins in cultured neurons, some confocal imaging in vivo preps
Imaging
Used to “fix” the brain in 19th century
Formaldehyde
Type of neuron found in sensory structures like the retina and olfactory bulb
Bipolar
In adult brain are glial cells like astrocytes in SVZ (sub ventricular zone) or oligodendrocyte precursors
Stem cells
The brain has large diversity in this 3’ part of DNA
3’ untranslated regions
What do more dendrites correlate with?
More synaptic input
The most numerous glia
Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes
Composed of two thin strands of actin polymers
Microfilaments
What do mice neurons show that human neurons may not during development?
Less changes (less CNVs)
Many of these are embedded in the membrane
Proteins
How do organelles in neurons compare to those of other cells?
Same organelles but some differences in distribution
What percentage of our 20k genes are expressed in the nervous system
70%
All pyramidal cells and some stellate cells are this
Spiny
Most neurons are these
Interneurons
Multiple layers of this are often wrapped around an axon
Myelin
These are motor neurons
Muscles
Cytoskeleton component running longitudinally close to the membrane
Microfilaments
How much of our total body ATP does the brain use?
20%