Neuromuscular: Traumatic Brain Injury: Lesions of the Cortex

Question 1

Frontal Lobe: Primary Motor Cortex: Function

Answer 1

• Discrete functional movements

Question 2

Frontal Lobe: Primary Motor Cortex: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 2

• Contralateral paralysis

- Most pronounced in distal limbs and face

Question 3

Frontal Lobe: Premotor Area: Function

Answer 3

• Motor planning or praxis

Question 4

Frontal Lobe: Premotor Area: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 4

• Apraxia or motor planning difficulties

Question 5

Frontal Lobe: Prefrontal area: Function

Answer 5

• Motor association area

Question 6

Frontal Lobe: Prefrontal area: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 6

• Loss of specific motor plans

Question 7

Frontal Lobe: Supplementary Motor: Function

Answer 7

• Bilateral control of posture

Question 8

Frontal Lobe: Supplementary Motor: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 8

• Loss of bilateral control of posture

Question 9

Frontal Lobe: Middle Frontal Gyrus: Function

Answer 9

• Conjugate eye movements

Question 10

Frontal Lobe: Middle Frontal Gyrus: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 10

• Transitory paralysis of conjugate eye movements to opposite side of lesion

Question 11

Frontal Lobe: Motor Speech area/Broca’s area: Function

Answer 11

• Langage production

Question 12

Frontal Lobe: Motor Speech area/Broca’s area: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 12

• Nonfluent Aphasia

Question 13

Frontal Lobe: Dorsolateral Area: Function

Answer 13

• Problem solving

- Working memory

Question 14

Frontal Lobe: Dorsolateral Area: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 14

• Bilateral lesions=impaired ability to concentrate and impaired memory

Question 15

Frontal Lobe: Orbitofrontal: Function

Answer 15

• Emotions, behavior

Question 16

Frontal Lobe: Orbitofrontal: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 16

• Unstable emotions

- Unpredictable behavior

Question 17

Frontal Lobe: Orbital Gyri: Function

Answer 17

• Olfaction

Question 18

Frontal Lobe: Orbital Gyri: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 18

• Inability to discriminate odors

Question 19

Parietal Lobe: Primary Somatosensory Area: Function

Answer 19

• Somesthetic sensations

Question 20

Parietal Lobe: Primary Somatosensory Area: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 20

• Loss on contralateral stimulus location, intensity

Question 21

Parietal Lobe: Secondary somatosensory area: Function

Answer 21

• Sensory interpretation

Question 22

Parietal Lobe: Secondary somatosensory area: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 22

• Tactile agnoisa, astereognosis, agresthesia, loss of two point discrimination, extinction

Question 23

Parietal Lobe: Gustatory Cortex: Function

Answer 23

• Taste

Question 24

Parietal Lobe: Gustatory Cortex: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 24

• Impairment of taste in contralateral side of tongue

Question 25

Parietal Lobe: Right Hemisphere: Function

Answer 25

- Perceptual functioning

Question 26

Parietal Lobe: Right Hemisphere: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 26

- Visual spatial disorders, body scheme disorders, apraxia, tactile and auditory perceptual disorders

Question 27

Temporal Lobe: Primary Auditory Cortex: Function

Answer 27

- Hearing

Question 28

Temporal Lobe: Primary Auditory Cortex: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 28

- Subtle decrease in hearing and ability to localize sounds

Question 29

Temporal Love: Superior temporal gyrus/Wernicke's area: Function

Answer 29

- Language understanding and formulation; storage of auditory presented information

Question 30

Temporal Love: Superior temporal gyrus/Wernicke's area: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 30

- Fluent aphasia

Question 31

Temporal Lobe: Temporal Cortex non dominant side Parahippocampal Region: Function

Answer 31

- Storage of visually presented information | - Recent memory

Question 32

Temporal Lobe: Temporal Cortex non dominant side Parahippocampal Region: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 32

- Profound memory loss of recent events, no new learning

Question 33

Occipital Lobe: Primary Visual Cortex: Function

Answer 33

- Vision

Question 34

Occipital Lobe: Primary Visual Cortex: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 34

- Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia | - Impairment to vision

Question 35

Occipital Lobe: Visual Association Cortex: Function

Answer 35

- Visual understanding

Question 36

Occipital Lobe: Visual Association Cortex: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 36

- Visual agnosia

Question 37

Occipital Lobe: Posterior Multimodal Area including parts of parietal and temporal lobe: Function

Answer 37

- Integrates sensory information

Question 38

Occipital Lobe: Posterior Multimodal Area including parts of parietal and temporal lobe: Dysfunction due to lesion

Answer 38

- Perceptual Impairment