Neuromuscular: Traumatic Brain Injury: Examination

Question 1

Management Based on Ranchos Los Amigos Levels I-III: No or decreased response levels

Answer 1

• Maintain ROM
• Prevent contractures
• Maintain skin integrity
• Maintain respiratory status via postural drainage, percussion, vibration, and suctioning to keep airway clear.
• Provide stimulation for arousal
• Structure environment enhance alertness and function
• Promote upright positioning and body alignment

Question 2

Management Based on Ranchos Los Amigos Levels IV-VI: Confused Response Levels

Answer 2

• PREVENT OVERSTIMULATION FOR CONFUSED/AGITATED PATIENTS.
• REDUCE ENVRIONMENTAL STIMULATION USING A QUIET CLOSED ENVRIONMENT.
• PROVIDE CALMING STIMULI
• Provide consistancy
• Task specific training
• Provide verbal or physical assistance
• Control rate of instruction
• Emphasize safety

Question 3

Management Based on Ranchos Los Amigos Levels VII-VIII: Appropriate Response Levels

Answer 3

• Allow for increased independence
• Assist the patient in behavior, cognitive, emotional, reintegration.
• Enhance motor learning
• Improve postural control
• Encourage active lifestyle
• Provide emotional support
• Reorient and Reassure
• Provide patient education