Neuromuscular: Synergy Patterns

Question 1

Upper extremity: Flexion Synergy

Answer 1

• Scapular elevation+retraction
• Shoulder abduction+External rotation
• Elbow flexion (strongest)
• Forearm supination+wrist/finger flexion

Question 2

Lower Extremity: Flexion Synergy

Answer 2

• Hip Flexion (strongest)+abduction and external rotation
• Knee Flexion
• Ankle dorsiflexion+Inversion
• Toe dorsiflexion

Question 3

Upper Extremity: Extensor Synergy

Answer 3

• Scapular lowering+protraction
• Shoulder adduction+internal rotation
• Elbow extension (strongest)
• Forearm pronation+wrist/finger flexion

Question 4

Lower Extremity: Extensor Synergy

Answer 4

• Hip extension (strongest)+adduction and internal rotation
• Knee extension
• Ankle plantar flexion+Inversion
• Toe plantar flexion

Question 5

Synergy Patterns: Commonality

Answer 5

• Upper Extremity flexor synergy+lower extremity extensor synergy most common in adults following a stroke

Question 6

Synergy Patterns as an Infant or toddler following upper motor neuron lesion

Answer 6

• Often develop a lower extremity flexor synergy