Neuromuscular: Cerebral Vascular Accident: Miscillaneous Flashcards
1
Q
Unilateral Neglect
A
A common and disabling condition following brain damage in which patients fail to be aware of items to one side of space
2
Q
Unilateral Neglect in stroke patients
A
- Stroke patients commonly ignore items/body parts on the contralateral side of the body.
- Stroke patients commonly favor items/body parts on the ipsilateral side of the body.
- Sight is better on ipsilateral side of lesion.
- They tend to miss things on the side contralateral to the lesion.
3
Q
Unilateral Neglect: Examples
A
- CVA to right hemisphere: Patient will be aware of right side and neglect left side items/body parts.
- CVA to left hemisphere: Patient will be aware of the left side and neglect the right side items/body parts.
4
Q
Hypotonicity
A
- Low or flaccid tone.
- Risk of Joint subluxation or dislocation
- Must protect joints with splinting/positioning
- Hypoactive reflexes
- Shallow breathing patterns
5
Q
Hypotonicity: Treatment
A
- Avoid joint hyperextension.
- Work for joint compression and facilitation to help normalize tone.
- Resistance of function muscles and isometric holding to increase activation off inactive muscles.
6
Q
Hypotonicity: Facilitation Techniques
A
- Quick stretch
- Tapping of muscle belly or tendon
- High frequency vibration
- Light touch
- Quick icing
- Fast spinning or rolling
- Joint approximation facilitates co-contraction
7
Q
Hypertonicity
A
- Spasticity
- High tone
- Hyperactive reflexes
- Decreased Thoracic Mobility
8
Q
Hypertonicity: Risks
A
- Contractures
- Deformity
- Positional changes can also effect tone
9
Q
Hypertonicity: Treatment: Inhibition of reflex activity
A
- Postures
- Positions
- Techniques for relaxation training
10
Q
Hypertonicity: Treatment: Inhibition techniques
A
- Prolonged static muscle stretch
- Casting
- Slow repetitive rocking or rolling
- Low frequency vibration
- Reflex inhibiting postures
- Limb Movements
- Emphasizing rotation
- Slow stroking
- Neutral warmth
- Prolonged icing
- Deep pressure to tendons
11
Q
Hypertonicity: Reciprocal Inhibition
A
- Facilitation to the non-spastic muscles to cause inhibition to the spastic muscles.
12
Q
Stroke Recovery Stages: Stage One
A
- Initial flaccidity with no voluntary movement
13
Q
Stroke Recovery Stages: Stage Two
A
- Emergence of spasticity, hypereflexia, synergies
14
Q
Stroke Recovery Stages: Stage Three
A
- Voluntary movement possible but only in synergies
- Spasticity strong
15
Q
Stroke Recovery Stages: Stage Four
A
- Voluntary control in isolated joint movements emerging
- Corresponding decline of spasticity and synergies
