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MRCP Part 1 > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Management

A

IV Fluids and Acyclovir

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2
Q

Roth Spots on Retina + Headaches + Decreased Consciousness

A

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

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3
Q

Weakness Increases with Activity

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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4
Q

Weakness decreases with Activity

A

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS)

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5
Q

Anti-GM1 antibody associated with

A
  1. Guillain-Barré syndrome
  2. Multifocal Motor Neuropathy
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6
Q

Anti-GQ1b Antibody associated with

A

Miller Fischer Syndrome

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7
Q

Post Partum + Seizures + Papilloedema

A

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

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8
Q

Meningitis with Brainstem involvement

A

Listeria

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9
Q

Meningitis seen in elderly, diabetics and alcoholics

A

Listeria

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10
Q

Lymphocyte Predominant Meningitis

A
  1. Nocardia
  2. Mycobacterium
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11
Q

Unilateral Hearing loss + Tinnitus + Trigeminal Neuropathy

A

Vestibular Schwanoma

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12
Q

NICE Recommendation for preventing secondary Cerebral infarction

A

Clopidogrel

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13
Q

Teenager + Early Morning Seizures + Myoclonic Jerks

A

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

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13
Q

Management of Torticollis

A

Botox Injection

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14
Q

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Management

A

Levetiracetam

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14
Q

Facial Weakness + Winged Scapula + Elevated CK

A

Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

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15
Q

Normal Creatine Kinase + Muscle Weakness in Quadriceps

A

Inclusion body Myositis

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15
Q

Neurogenic Detrusor activity management

A
  • PRV <100 → Oxybutinin
  • PRV >100 → Intermittent self catheterization
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16
Q

Unable to Walk due to weakness but Cycling can be done

A

Lumbar Canal Stenosis

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16
Q

Anti Tubercular medication causing sensory neuropathy

A

Isoniazid

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17
Q

Fingolimod Mechanism of Action

A

Sphingosine 1 Phosphate receptor modulator

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17
Q

MRI Finding of Subacute Combined Degeneration of spinal cord

A

Increased T-2 Weighted signal in the posterior column

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18
Q

Management of Essential Tremors

A

Propranolol or Topiramate

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18
Q

Inferior quadrantanopia caused by

A

a lesion in the parietal lobe (Opposite side)

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19
Q

Superior quadrantanopia caused by

A

a lesion in the temporal lobe (Opposite side)

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20
Q

Management of Tourette Syndrome

A

Risperidone

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21
Q

Hypodense areas in both temporal lobes seen in MRI

A

Herpes Simplex Encephalitis

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22
Q

Trigeminal Neuralgia Management

A

Carbamazepine

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23
Q

Raised CSF proteins (Albumino-cytological dissociation)

A

Gullian-Bare Syndrome

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24
Q

Oligoclonal bands seen in

A

Multiple Sclerosis

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25
Q

Raised Lactate in CSF seen in

A

Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis

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26
Q

Nerve affected in Foot Drop

A

Common Peroneal Nerve

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27
Q

Nerve affected in Weakness of Knee Extension and Hip Flexion

A

Femoral Nerve

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28
Q

Nerve affected in weakness of Hip adduction

A

Obturator Nerve

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29
Q

Changes in Personality and Behaviors but no memory defect

A

Fronto-Temporal Dementia

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30
Q

Seizure + epigastric aura + fear + lip smacking

A

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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31
Q

Seizure + vertigo + hallucinations

A

Parietal Lobe Epilepsy

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32
Q

LMN signs in arms + UMN signs in legs

A

Motor Neuron Disease

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33
Q

EMG Finding in Motor Neuron Disease

A

Reduced number of action potentials with increased amplitude.

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34
Q

EMG Shows - Dive bomber effect” (waxing and waning potentials).

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

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35
Q

EMG Finding in Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis

A

Small short-duration motor unit potentials.

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36
Q

Specific Area for Hemiballism

A

Subthalamic Nucleus of Basal Ganglia

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37
Q

Specific Area for Huntingtons

A

Caudate Nucleus of Basal Ganglia

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38
Q

Commonest Causes of Young Onset Stroke

A
  1. Carotid Artery Dissection
  2. Cardio Embolism
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39
Q

Triad of Carotid Artery Dissection

A
  1. Unilateral Headache
  2. Ipsilateral Horners Syndrome
  3. Contralateral Visual Disturbance
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40
Q

Migraine + Recurrent Ischaemic Events

A

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)

41
Q

Gene for CADASIL

A

Chromosome 19 NOTCH 3

42
Q

Wernicke’s Aphasia Site of Lesion

A

Superior Temporal Gyrus

43
Q

Brocas Aphasia Site of Lesion

A

Inferior Frontal Gyrus

44
Q

Brown-Séquard Syndrome Mnemonic

A

I LOST PALS
I → Ipsilateral:
LO → Loss of proprioception and vibration.
S → Spastic paralysis
T → Loss of fine touch.
Contralateral
PALS → Pain And Loss of temperature

45
Q

Wasting and Weakness of Hand + Loss of Pain and Temperature

A

Syringomyelia

46
Q

Ptosis + Miosis

A

Horners Syndrome

47
Q

Ptosis + Mydriasis

A

3rd Nerve Palsy

48
Q

Headache + 3rd Never palsy + Dilated Pupil

A

PCA Aneurysm

49
Q

3rd Never palsy sparing the pupil

A

Ischemic Oculomotor Palsy

50
Q

Frontal Lobe Epilepsy features

A

Post Ictal weakness + Jacksonian march

51
Q

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy features

A

Hallucination
Epigastric Rising
Automatism

52
Q

GBS respiratory assessment marker

A

Vital Capacity

53
Q

Anisocoria more evident in Light than dark seen in

A

Holmes-Adie Syndrome

54
Q

Anisocoria + Loss of Deep Tendon Reflex

A

Holmes-Adie Syndrome

55
Q

Arnold-Chiari Malformation type of Nystagmus seen

56
Q

Palpable Nodule + Seizures Diagnosis

A

Cysticercosis

57
Q

Test for confirming brainstem death

A

Oculi-vestibular reflex

58
Q

Acoustic Neuroma + Unilateral Hearing loss effects which other nerve

A

Trigeminal - Loss of Corneal Reflex

59
Q

Psychiatric Symptoms + Myoclonic Jerk + Rapidly progressive dementia

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

60
Q

Young + Hypokalemia + paralysis

A

Periodic Paralysis

61
Q

Ophthalmoplegia + Ataxia + Areflexia

A

Miller Fisher Syndrome

62
Q

Multifocal Motor Neuropathy associated Antibody

A

Anti GM1 antibody

63
Q

Headache Increased by standing and relieved by lying down.

A

Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension

64
Q

Feature to distinguish between true seizures and pseudo seizures

A

Lateral Tongue bite

65
Q

Statin causing Peripheral Neuropathy

A

Simvastatin

66
Q

Meningitis after cold and cough symptoms + working with children

A

Enterovirus Meningitis

67
Q

Antiepileptic with renal stones as side effect

A

Topiramate

68
Q

Cape Like distribution anesthesia seen in

A

Syringomyelia

69
Q

Neck pain + Headache exacerbated by cough + Cape like anesthesia

A

Chiari Type 1 Malformation

70
Q

Global Wasting of Intrinsic muscles of hand site of lesion

A

T1 nerve root

71
Q

MRI finding of Subacute Combined Degeneration

A

Increased T2 Weighted signals in posterior column

72
Q

MRI finding of Multiple Sclerosis

A

Diffuse Patchy white matter lesion on T2 Weighted images

73
Q

Kyphoscoliosis + Bilateral Pes Cavus + LMN wekaness

A

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

74
Q

Downbeat Nystagmus associated with

A

Arnold-Chiari Malformation

75
Q

Post Delivery + Dehydration + Seizures

A

Saggital Sinus Thrombosis

76
Q

Which Immunoglobulin is most important for GBS

77
Q

Differentiate Myasthenia from Lambert Eaton Clinically

A

Areflexia and Autonomic Symptoms

78
Q

Ptosis + dysphagia + atrophy of temporalis

A

Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1

79
Q

Cluster Headache prophylaxis

80
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease MRI Finding

A

Increased Signal in pulvinar of thalamus

81
Q

MRI Shows String of Bead appearance

A

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

82
Q

Management of Multiple Sclerosis acute attack

A

Prednisolone 0.5 gm 1-0-0 x 5 days

83
Q

Confirmatory test for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

A

RT- QulC on Lumbar Puncture

84
Q

Weakness of Triceps, Brachioradialis and Extensor Digitorum

A

Radial Nerve

85
Q

Young tremor + Heart Disease

A

Wilsons Disease

86
Q

INO Side identification

A

Same as side of eye which can’t adduct

87
Q

Saturday Night Palsy location

A

Radial Nerve at Spiral Groove

88
Q

Headache + Word finding difficulty seen in

A

Migraine with Aura

89
Q

Drugs that commonly cause deterioration in myasthenia gravis

A

• D-penicillamine
• Neuromuscular blocking agents, eg succinylcholine
• Aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone antibiotics
• Antiarrhythmics, eg quinidine, procainamide
• B-blockers, eg propranolol

90
Q

Ropinirole Mechanism of Action

A

Dopamine receptor agonist

91
Q

CSF shows increased opening pressure and decreased glucose

A

TB meningitis

92
Q

Intrathecal synthesis of IgG seen in

A

Multiple Sclerosis

93
Q

High ESR and pain in jaw along with headache

A

Giant Cell Arteritis

94
Q

Satiety Center in brain is located at

A

Ventero Medial Nucleus

95
Q

Sedative safest in Parkinsonism patients

96
Q

Management of Alzheimers Disease

A
  • Donepezil
  • Rivastigmine
97
Q

Reduce Dyskinesia in parkinson patient on L-Dopa

A

Amantadine

98
Q

Increased T2 signal in frontal lobe white matter in MRI

A

Pick’s Disease

99
Q

DOC for Management of Muscle Weakness in Lambert Eaton

A

Amifampridine

100
Q

Which CNS Cells are mainly destroyed in Osmotic demyelination

A

Astrocytes (Undergo apoptosis)

101
Q

Genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease

A

APO E4 allele

102
Q

Genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease

A

APO E4 allele

103
Q

Anti Epileptic with least risk of heart block

104
Q

HIV + Neuro symptoms + single brain lesions with homogenous enhancement

A

Primary CNS lymphoma

105
Q

High altitude cerebral edema management

A

Descent + Dexamethasone

106
Q

Medications to Avoid in Dementia Patients

A

Anti Psychotics (Olanzapine)

107
Q

Parkinson’s medicine for gambling person

A

Procyclidine

108
Q

HIV patient with MRI brain shows Dilated Periventricular Spaces

A

Cryptococcal Infection

MRCP Part 1 (17 decks)

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