Neurology

Question 1

Temozolomide (TMZ)

Answer 1

Chemotherapy drug for brain tumors

Question 2

Benzodiazepines

- What is the antidote?

Answer 2

“-am” or “-pam”

Tx: seizures
Antidote: Flumazenil

Question 3

What is the tx focus for brain injuries?

Answer 3

Preserve brain fx!

1. Treat cause of CNS event
2. Treat high ICP/cerebral edema
3. Maintain VS
4. Prevent secondary injury

Question 4

Glucocorticosteroids

Answer 4

Tx: inflammation

- Meningeal, Abx, etc.

Question 5

Barbituates

- Antidote?

Answer 5

“-barbital”

*Highly addictive + high degree of tolerance
Antidote: NaHCO3; Activated charcoal

Question 6

Flunitrazepam aka “Roofies”

Answer 6

Benzodiazepine

Question 7

CNS Depressants for Euthanasia

Answer 7

Diazepam (benzo)
- Combo with paralytic + anesthesia agents

Secobarbital (Barbituate)
- Combo with antiemetics

Question 8

Phenytoin narrow TI

- s/e?

Answer 8

Anti-convulsants

s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin K); toxicity

Question 9

Carbamazepine

- s/e?

Answer 9

Anti-convulsants

s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin C); toxicity

Question 10

Valproic acid

- s/e?

Answer 10

Anti-convulsants

s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin C); toxicity

Question 11

Insomnia tx

Answer 11

• Melatonin
• Benzodiazepines
• Non-benzodiazepines
• Antihistamines, Antidepressants

Question 12

Buspirone

Answer 12

Non-benzodiazepines
(serotonin agonist + D2 presynaptic binding)

low addiction

Question 13

Triptan (serotonin agonists)

Answer 13

“-triptan”

Tx: migraine

Question 14

Botox

Answer 14

Tx: migraine

decreases NT hyper-stimulation via IM scalp injection

Question 15

Antipsychotics

- MOA (2)

Answer 15

Tx: schizophrenia

1. D2 receptor antagonism in Limbic system (Typical; Atypical)
2. Antagonize AcH + non-selective 5HT

Question 16

Chlorpromazine

Answer 16

Phenothiazine antipsychotic
(Typical; + symptoms)

Tx: Schizophrenia

Question 17

Haloperidol

Answer 17

Non-phenothiazine antipsychotic
(Typical; + symptoms)

Tx: Schizophrenia

Question 18

Olanzapine; Questiapine; Clozapine; RISPERIDONE

Answer 18

Atypical antipsychotic

Tx: Schizophrenia

Question 19

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 19

Toxic reaction from schizophrenia drugs that must be treated immediately!!

1. Hyperthermia
2. Unstable BP
3. Diaphoresis
4. Incontinence

Question 20

S/e of Antipsychotics

Answer 20

1. D2 antagonism in basal ganglia = extrapyramidal behavior
2. Anticholinergic s/e
3. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 21

Antidepressants (4)

slow onset of action (~2 weeks)

Answer 21

1ST LINE: SSRIs

• SNRIs
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• MAO inhibitors

Mood stabilizers PRN

Question 22

Lithium

• MOA?
• Tx?
• Complications?

Answer 22

Mood stabilizer
- usually PRN for antidepressant tx

MOA: increases serotonin, decreases Na cell influx

Complications

• Narrow TI
• Slow onset
• Compliance

Question 23

Rivastigmine

Answer 23

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Tx: Alzheimers Disease

Question 24

Galantamine

Answer 24

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Tx: AD

Question 25

Levodopa

Answer 25

D2 agonist

Tx: Parkinsons

Question 26

Rotigotine

Answer 26

D2 agonist

Tx: Parkinsons

Question 27

Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)

Answer 27

Amphetamines

Tx: ADHD

Question 28

Crystal meth

Answer 28

Amphetamines