Neurology Flashcards
Temozolomide (TMZ)
Chemotherapy drug for brain tumors
Benzodiazepines
- What is the antidote?
“-am” or “-pam”
Tx: seizures
Antidote: Flumazenil
What is the tx focus for brain injuries?
Preserve brain fx!
- Treat cause of CNS event
- Treat high ICP/cerebral edema
- Maintain VS
- Prevent secondary injury
Glucocorticosteroids
Tx: inflammation
- Meningeal, Abx, etc.
Barbituates
- Antidote?
“-barbital”
*Highly addictive + high degree of tolerance
Antidote: NaHCO3; Activated charcoal
Flunitrazepam aka “Roofies”
Benzodiazepine
CNS Depressants for Euthanasia
Diazepam (benzo)
- Combo with paralytic + anesthesia agents
Secobarbital (Barbituate)
- Combo with antiemetics
Phenytoin narrow TI
- s/e?
Anti-convulsants
s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin K); toxicity
Carbamazepine
- s/e?
Anti-convulsants
s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin C); toxicity
Valproic acid
- s/e?
Anti-convulsants
s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin C); toxicity
Insomnia tx
- Melatonin
- Benzodiazepines
- Non-benzodiazepines
- Antihistamines, Antidepressants
Buspirone
Non-benzodiazepines
(serotonin agonist + D2 presynaptic binding)
low addiction
Triptan (serotonin agonists)
“-triptan”
Tx: migraine
Botox
Tx: migraine
decreases NT hyper-stimulation via IM scalp injection
Antipsychotics
- MOA (2)
Tx: schizophrenia
- D2 receptor antagonism in Limbic system (Typical; Atypical)
- Antagonize AcH + non-selective 5HT
Chlorpromazine
Phenothiazine antipsychotic
(Typical; + symptoms)
Tx: Schizophrenia
Haloperidol
Non-phenothiazine antipsychotic
(Typical; + symptoms)
Tx: Schizophrenia
Olanzapine; Questiapine; Clozapine; RISPERIDONE
Atypical antipsychotic
Tx: Schizophrenia
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Toxic reaction from schizophrenia drugs that must be treated immediately!!
- Hyperthermia
- Unstable BP
- Diaphoresis
- Incontinence
S/e of Antipsychotics
- D2 antagonism in basal ganglia = extrapyramidal behavior
- Anticholinergic s/e
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Antidepressants (4)
slow onset of action (~2 weeks)
1ST LINE: SSRIs
- SNRIs
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- MAO inhibitors
Mood stabilizers PRN
Lithium
- MOA?
- Tx?
- Complications?
Mood stabilizer
- usually PRN for antidepressant tx
MOA: increases serotonin, decreases Na cell influx
Complications
- Narrow TI
- Slow onset
- Compliance
Rivastigmine
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Tx: Alzheimers Disease
Galantamine
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Tx: AD
Levodopa
D2 agonist
Tx: Parkinsons
Rotigotine
D2 agonist
Tx: Parkinsons
Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)
Amphetamines
Tx: ADHD
Crystal meth
Amphetamines
