Neurology Flashcards

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1
Q

Temozolomide (TMZ)

A

Chemotherapy drug for brain tumors

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2
Q

Benzodiazepines

- What is the antidote?

A

“-am” or “-pam”

Tx: seizures
Antidote: Flumazenil

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3
Q

What is the tx focus for brain injuries?

A

Preserve brain fx!

  1. Treat cause of CNS event
  2. Treat high ICP/cerebral edema
  3. Maintain VS
  4. Prevent secondary injury
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4
Q

Glucocorticosteroids

A

Tx: inflammation

- Meningeal, Abx, etc.

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5
Q

Barbituates

- Antidote?

A

“-barbital”

*Highly addictive + high degree of tolerance
Antidote: NaHCO3; Activated charcoal

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6
Q

Flunitrazepam aka “Roofies”

A

Benzodiazepine

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7
Q

CNS Depressants for Euthanasia

A

Diazepam (benzo)
- Combo with paralytic + anesthesia agents

Secobarbital (Barbituate)
- Combo with antiemetics

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8
Q

Phenytoin narrow TI

- s/e?

A

Anti-convulsants

s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin K); toxicity

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9
Q

Carbamazepine

- s/e?

A

Anti-convulsants

s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin C); toxicity

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10
Q

Valproic acid

- s/e?

A

Anti-convulsants

s/e: arrhythmia; bleeding (interferes w/ vitamin C); toxicity

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11
Q

Insomnia tx

A
  • Melatonin
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Non-benzodiazepines
  • Antihistamines, Antidepressants
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12
Q

Buspirone

A

Non-benzodiazepines
(serotonin agonist + D2 presynaptic binding)

low addiction

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13
Q

Triptan (serotonin agonists)

A

“-triptan”

Tx: migraine

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14
Q

Botox

A

Tx: migraine

decreases NT hyper-stimulation via IM scalp injection

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15
Q

Antipsychotics

- MOA (2)

A

Tx: schizophrenia

  1. D2 receptor antagonism in Limbic system (Typical; Atypical)
  2. Antagonize AcH + non-selective 5HT
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16
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

Phenothiazine antipsychotic
(Typical; + symptoms)

Tx: Schizophrenia

17
Q

Haloperidol

A

Non-phenothiazine antipsychotic
(Typical; + symptoms)

Tx: Schizophrenia

18
Q

Olanzapine; Questiapine; Clozapine; RISPERIDONE

A

Atypical antipsychotic

Tx: Schizophrenia

19
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

Toxic reaction from schizophrenia drugs that must be treated immediately!!

  1. Hyperthermia
  2. Unstable BP
  3. Diaphoresis
  4. Incontinence
20
Q

S/e of Antipsychotics

A
  1. D2 antagonism in basal ganglia = extrapyramidal behavior
  2. Anticholinergic s/e
  3. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
21
Q

Antidepressants (4)

slow onset of action (~2 weeks)

A

1ST LINE: SSRIs

  • SNRIs
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
  • MAO inhibitors

Mood stabilizers PRN

22
Q

Lithium

  • MOA?
  • Tx?
  • Complications?
A

Mood stabilizer
- usually PRN for antidepressant tx

MOA: increases serotonin, decreases Na cell influx

Complications

  • Narrow TI
  • Slow onset
  • Compliance
23
Q

Rivastigmine

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Tx: Alzheimers Disease

24
Q

Galantamine

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Tx: AD

25
Q

Levodopa

A

D2 agonist

Tx: Parkinsons

26
Q

Rotigotine

A

D2 agonist

Tx: Parkinsons

27
Q

Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)

A

Amphetamines

Tx: ADHD

28
Q

Crystal meth

A

Amphetamines