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CABS Neurology > Neurology 100ft review part 2 > Flashcards

Neurology 100ft review part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the job of the limbic system

A

Mediate emotional response with memory and learning

allows for visceral reactions

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2
Q

What makes up the limbic system

A

Hypothalamus (Specifically maxillary bodies)
Thalamus (relay info)
Amygdala (emotion)
Hippocampus (memory conversion)
Arcuate nucleus (hunger / fullness cues)

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3
Q

What is the other name for the inter brain

A

diencephalon

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4
Q

What structures make up the inter brain

A

Thalamus

Hypothalamus (autonomic control - acts on pituitary)

Subthalamus (works w/ basal ganglia on motor activity function)

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5
Q

What is another name for the midbrain

A

mesencephalon

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6
Q

What is the midbrain and what is its main function

A

connection between the cerebrum and the hindbrain

Voluntary / involuntary eye movement (tracking)

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7
Q

What structures make up the midbrain

A

Tectum
Tegmentum(red nucleus / substantia nigra)
Cerebral peduncles (efferent fibers)

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8
Q

What is the hindbrain known as

A

metenchephalon

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9
Q

What structures make up the hindbrain

A

cerebellum
pons

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10
Q

What is the cerebellums function

A

helps with correction of movement (fine-tuning)

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11
Q

What is the central area of the cerebellum known as

A

vermis

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12
Q

What is the job of the pons

A

Helps relay planned action to the cerebellum for interpretation and adjustments

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13
Q

What is the medulla oblongata called

A

Myelencephalon

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14
Q

What is the function of the medulla oblongata

A

Heartrate
breathing
blood pressure

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15
Q

Where does the efferent motor pathway decussate

A

Medulla oblongata

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16
Q

What is the reticular activation system

A

the source of consciousness

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17
Q

Where does the spinal cord end

A

Conus medullaris (L1-L2)

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18
Q

How long is the spinal cord

A

15cm

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19
Q

What is the film terminal

A

The anchor at the coccyx for the caudal equina

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20
Q

Where are the synapses located

A

In gray matter
-has soma

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21
Q

What is contained within the soma

A

nissel bodies which hold the rough ER

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22
Q

What is the ascending tract

A

sensory tract that carries information to the brain (afferent)

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23
Q

What is the descending tract

A

motor tract carrying information from the brain to end organ (efferent)

24
Q

What is the function of the ventral root

A

Motor out of the cord

25
Q

What is the function of the dorsal root

A

carries sensory info to the cord

26
Q

What 2 structures for the spinal nerve

A

Ventral and dorsal roots

27
Q

What makes up the gray matter

A

cell bodies
Motor neurons
interneurons

28
Q

What does the white matter contain

A

Myelinated tracts of axons

29
Q

What is the function of interneurons

A

links sensory information with motor function
-allows for changes in personal adaptation

30
Q

What plays a major role in the reflex arc

A

interneurons

31
Q

What comes off of the dorsal horn

A

Mainly interneurons
axons from sensory neurons
*pain is primarily transmitted here

32
Q

What comes off the lateral horn

A

involved in autonomic transmission

33
Q

What comes off the anterior horn

A

motor efferent pathways

34
Q

What are the lower motor neurons

A

Ventral roots

35
Q

Where does the afferent tracts terminate

A

Cerebrum or cerebellum

36
Q

What do the afferent tracts bring to the brain

A

mechanoreceptive input
thermoreceptive input
nociceptive

37
Q

What dermatome is over the nipples

A

T4

38
Q

What dermatome is at the iliac crest

A

L4

39
Q

What dermatome is the anal sphincter

A

S5

40
Q

Where are the sensory pathways located

A

posterior column
Anterior spinothalamic
lateral spinothalamic

41
Q

What is the responsibility of the cuneatus in the spine

A

carry information regarding the upper extremity

42
Q

What is the responsibility of the gracilis in the spine

A

Proprioception of the lower extremities (think ballerina- grace)

43
Q

What is the function of the dorsal column

A

Fine touch, proprioception, and vibration

44
Q

Where will the dorsal column extend to

A

Medulla, thalamus, postcentral gyrus

45
Q

What is the postcentral gyrus

A

homunculus for sensation

46
Q

Where is the reflex arc sensory neuron found

A

dorsal column

47
Q

What is the spinothalamic tract responsible for

A

pain and temperature
-ventral = light touch
-lateral = cold/pain

48
Q

What is one of the last sensations to lose when having a spinal block and how would you test it

A

cold

alcohol swab

49
Q

What does bulbar mean

A

brainstem

50
Q

Where does signaling for the motor tract come from

A

precentral gyrus

51
Q

Where are upper motor neurons found

A

within the CNS
-often synapse with interneurons and connect with lower motor neurons

52
Q

Where are lower motor neurons found

A

PNS

53
Q

Where are the cell bodies in the sympathetic nervous system found

A

Thoracic spine

54
Q

What neurotransmitter does the sympathetic nervous system primarily use

A

Norepinephrine

55
Q

Where are the ganglia for the sympathetic nervous system located and how are they names

A

anterior to the aorta

Names based on the located organs

56
Q

Where can you not put epi in the body and why

A

fingers
nose
toes
penis
- because of lack of blood flow

57
Q

What is the primary neurotransmitter for the parasympathetic system

A

acetycholine

CABS Neurology (11 decks)

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