Neurocognitive disorders Flashcards
What is the difference between consciousness and cognition
Consciousness = how alert are they
Cognition = Are they confused
What are some red flags for altered mental status
Sudden onset
elderly
headache
drug use
trauma
fever
What are the two best diagnostic tools with altered mental status
great history
great physical exam
What 4 things need to be done when a patient with AMS comes to the ED
ABC
IV
O2
Monitor
What is the difference between delirium and dementia
Delirium always has a cause
Delirium is rapid onset
Delirium can be reversed
What type of delirium is seen in patients after ICU stays
Hyperactive delirium
What is the cause of agitated or excited delirium
Increased dopamine activity
-Cocaine
-Thyroid storm
-meth
What happens with hypoactive delirium
Right sided frontal basal ganglion gets disrupted
-usually from CNS depressants
-Metabolic disorders
What is the classic sign of Wernickes syndrome
Hallmarked by paralysis of eye movement, ataxic gait, Change in consciousness
What are the classic symptoms of korsakoffs sign
Memory loss
confusion
confabulation
* there will be lesions in the mamillary bodies
What is vitamin B1
Thiamine
What needs to be given to a patient before you can give them thiamine
glucose
What are the types of expressive aphasia
Global (completely mute)
Brocas (no speaking-MCA bleed)
What are some forms of receptive aphasia
Wernickes aphasia
anomic aphasia
What is the most common cause of severe dementia
Alzheimers
