Neurological Conditions Flashcards
What will cause pain in lumbosacral disease?
Hyperextension of tail
What types of dogs frequently get lumbosacral disease and what is the primary symptom?
Military/working dogs and Agility dogs
They won’t want to jump
How is lumbosacral dz managed conservatively?
Pharmaceuticals, Massage, strengthening, joint mobilization, aquatic therapy
What causes Wobbler’s dz?
An instability of C5, C6, C7
What are signs of Wobbler’s dz?
Cervical pain, uncoordinated gait, holds head low/flexed, hind limb ataxia, uncoordinated on turns, loss of muscle tone, tetraparesis
What does a rehab plan for Wobbler’s look like?
Strengthen cervical flexors and gradual extensors, support for dysfunction, restore normal jt function, palliative care, owner education
What are early signs of Degenerative Myelopathy?
Knuckling hind limbs, abnormal nail growth, difficulty with turns
What is seen as Degenerative Myelopathy progresses?
poor hind limb coordination, partial paralysis and hindlimb weakness, increasing loss of ROM, inability to ambulate, significant atrophy
What are some rehab options with DM?
Owner education, avoid overexertion, nutritional support (antioxidants), K9 cart, weight management, padded bed, booties
What is the most common area for Fibrocartilagenous embolism?
T-L region
What types of dogs get FCE?
Nonchondrodystrophic
True or False FCE is always bilateral
False. It can be unilateral.
What % of dogs with FCE will spontaneously recover?
50%
What should be in a rehab plan for FCE?
ROM, Strengthening, if LMN include NMES, endurance exercise
What does the gait look like with Radial nerve injury?
Shoulder and elbow carried in active flexion, carpus in passive flexion, dorsum of paw turned toward ground
What will radial nerve damage look like if occurs at level of brachial plexus?
Not able to bear weight. Lost extensors of shoulder and elbow
What will radial nerve damage look like if it occurs below the brachial plexus?
Shoulder and elbow will be functional but will not be able to extend carpus so will compensate with gait
What does a reflex test?
All 3 parts of reflex arc Afferent nerve, nucleus in CNS, efferent nerve
What are the three components of the postural control system?
Biomechanical, Motor coordination, sensory organization components
Which Cranial Nerves do you suspect damage to if atrophy of head muscles and abnormal jaw tone?
Cranial Nerve VII (Facial Nerve) and V (Trigeminal Nerve)
No twitch or facial movement is detected with stimulation of eyes, ears, and nose. What cranial nerves are suspected?
Cranial Nerve V (trigeminal) and VII ( facial)
A blink response or menace response is absent. Which cranial nerve do you suspect?
Cranial Nerve II (optic) and VII (Facial)
Which cranial nerve is suspected if pupillary light response is abnormal?
Cranial nerve II (optic) and III (oculomotor)
Which cranial nerves are being tested with the nystagmus response?
III (oculomotor), IV (Trochlear), VI (abducens), and VII (Facial)
WHat cranial nerves are being tested with the gag reflex?
IX ( glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XII (hypoglossal)
What is a way sign that Cranial Nerve XI (accessory nerve) may be injured?
Atrophy of neck muscles
If rubbing of the nose elicits a licking response which cranial nerve did you just assess?
XII (Hypoglossal)
What is a good way to assess Cranial Nerve I?
Olfactory nerve - hold a can of food nearby
What lesions are present with injury to C1-C5?
UMN forelimbs UMN rear limbs
What lesions are present with injury to C6-T2?
LMN Forelimb UMN rear limbs
What lesion results from injury to T3-L3?
Normal forelimbs UMN Rear limbs
What lesion results from injury L4-S3?
Normal forelimbs LMN rear limbs
Where is the lesion if femoral nerve has LMN?
L5-L5
If lesion is at L6-S2 what rear limb nerves are affected?
Normal femoral LMN sciatic
