Massage and Joint movements Flashcards
What type of massage is used at the beginning and end of massage?
Effleurage
What is purpose of effleurage?
An evaluation stroke
What type of massage lift ,squeezes, and rolls the soft tissue (kneading it)?
Petrissage
Which type of massage glides over skin superficially with a light continuous total contact stroke?
Effleurage
What effect does Petrissage have on tissues?
Decreases muscle tightness and promotes relaxation
What does Friction massage accomplish?
Improves mobility of tissues and helps to break down adhesions
How is Friction massage applied?
Small deep movements are focused on a local area. Focus is vertical pressing down and applying movement to underlying tissues.
What is Transverse Friction massage?
Repeated cross grain massage applied to muscle, tendon, tendon sheath, and ligaments 3-5 minutes
How often should ROM be performed for most conditions?
15-20 reps 2-4x/day
What are some activities to increase ROM?
Swimming, walking in water, snow , sand, crawling thru play tunnels, climbing stairs, Cavalettis
What is a Grade I joint mobilization?
Small movement applied in 1st quarter of ROM
What is a Grade I joint mobilization used for?
Painful joint
Where is a Grade II joint mobilization applied?
Mid range
What are the effects of a Grade II joint mobilization?
Neuromodulary and vascular. Useful in painful joint
How is Grade III joint mobilization applied?
Taken to end range and brought back to midpoint
What is Grade III joint mobilization useful for?
Used to increase mobility of joint
How is a grade IV joint ,mobilization applied and what ius its function?
Taken to end range where small oscillating motions are applied. Used to increase ROM
Is hip flexion a caudal or cranial mobilization?
Caudal
Is hip extension a caudal or cranial mobilization?
Cranial
What is an end feel?
What you feel at point when joint is stopped secondary to resistance
What type of end feel is abnormal and a contraindication to joint mobilization?
Bone to bone or hard
What type of end feel has the motion stopped by compression of soft tissues?
Tissue Approximation or soft
When is a Soft end feel abnormal?
If it happens too early in ROM, there is edema, or if joint should have capsular end feel
What is a capsular or Firm end feel?
The feeling of a firm but slightly yielding stop
What is a Spring Block End feel?
Rebound felt at limit of motion
What is an Empty End Feel?
No end point is reached due to severe pain before resistance
What type of End Feels do most joint shave?
Capsular
Which joint has a soft tissue approximation?
Stifle Flexion
What determines Moment?
Force and length of moment arm
Why is it important to strengthen quads after stifle repair?
To allow extensor moment around stifle to be more capable of stabilizing joint in weightbearing
What type of Lever has the fulcrum between the effort force and load force?
Class I Elbow extension
What type of lever has the load force between the effort force and the fulcrum?
Class II
What type of lever has the effort force between the fulcrum and load force?
Class III Elbow flexion
What are accessory motions?
Joint motion occurring at joint surface
Which accessory motion is caused by shear or sliding forces of opposing articular surfaces?
Glide
Which accessory motion is caused by one bone rolling on another?
Rolls
What motion do rolls help with?
Flexors and extensors
Which accessory motion helps with internal and external rotation of joints?
Spins
Which accessory motions are tensile (pulling apart) movements between bones?
Distraction or Traction
Which accessory motions are compressive movements between bones?
Compression or Approximation
What is peak vertical force at a walk?
70% BW front limbs, 50% rear
What is peak vertical force at a trot?
110% front, 65-70% rear
