Neurological Approaches & FORs Related to Motor Performance Flashcards
1
Q
Contemporary Task-Oriented Approach
A
- Occupational performance emerges from the interactions of multiple systems including personal and performance contexts.
- Functional tasks help organize motor behavior.
- Type of contemporary task-oriented approach to motor control training.
2
Q
Carr & Shepherd’s Motor Relearning Program (MRP)
A
- The person is an active participant whose goal is to relearn effective strategies for performing functional movement.
- Intervention is focused on learning general strategies for solving motor problems.
- Type of contemporary task-oriented approach to motor control training.
3
Q
Motor Learning
A
- Ultimate goal is the acquisition of functional skills that can be generalized to multiple situations and environments.
- Stages:
1. Skill acquisition or cognitive stage
2. Skill retention or associated stage
3. Skill transfer or autonomous stage - Type of contemporary task-oriented approach to motor control training.
4
Q
Neurodevelopmental Treatment Approach (NDT)
A
- Focus is on normalization of postural and limb TONE in order to facilitate normal movement.
- Hands-on handling/facilitation is primary intervention.
- Key terms: base of support, weight shift, key points of control, rotation, balance reactions. & hand placement.
- Only sensorimotor approach that does NOT use reflexive movement as a precursor for volitional movement.
- Also, only sensorimotor approach in which treatment directly emphasizes development of skilled movements for task performance.
- Type of Neurophysiologic or Sensorimotor FOR/approach.
5
Q
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)
A
- Response of neuromuscular mechanisms can be hastened through stimulation of the proprioceptors.
- Diagonal patterns or mass movement patterns are utilized during functional activities.
- All patterns cross midline and encourage rotary components to movement.
- Utilized for neurologic and orthopedic populations throughout the lifespan.
- Type of Neurophysiologic or Sensorimotor FOR/approach
6
Q
Brunnstrom’s Approach
A
- Focuses on facilitating recovery through a specific sequence.
- Treatment focused on the promotion of movement from reflexive to volitional (through 7 stages of motor recovery).
- Type of Neurophysiologic or Sensorimotor FOR/approach
7
Q
Rood Approach
A
- Based on principle that sensorimotor control is developmentally based and must progress sequentially.
- Four sequential phases of motor control:
1. Reciprocal inhibition/ innervation
2. Co-contraction
3. Heavy work
4. Skill - Uses direct application of sensory stimuli to muscles and joints.
- Type of Neurophysiologic or Sensorimotor FOR/approach
8
Q
Skill Acquisition Stage
A
- Aka “cognitive stage”
- First stage of Motor Learning
- During this stage, the person receives initial instruction and practices the skill.
- It is expected that the individual will make errors and that motor performance is inconsistent and inefficient during this stage.
9
Q
Skill Retention Stage
A
- Aka “associated stage”
- Second stage of Motor Learning
- In this stage, the person can “carryover” a skill and demonstrate their newly acquired skill after initial practice.
10
Q
Skill Transfer Stage
A
- Aka “autonomous stage”
- 3rd and final stage of Motor Learning
- During this stage, the individual can successfully demonstrate the motor skills AND transfer its application and use to a diversity of new contexts.
- In these different settings and situations, the person must modify their timing, sequencing, posture and many other neuro-motor component skills. These modifications and adjustments reflect successful motor problem-solving abilities.
11
Q
Ontogenic Motor Patterns
A
- Eight developmental motor patterns that, according to Rood, must develop in sequence:
1. Supine withdrawal
2. Rollover
3. Prone extension
4. Neck co-contraction
5. Prone on elbows
6. Quadruped
7. Standing
8. Walking
