Cerebral Palsy Flashcards
1
Q
Cerebral Palsy
A
- A non-progressive condition that encompasses neurological, motor, and postural deficits.
- Types:
1. Congenital CP = Is a result of an injury or disease that occurs at or before birth (e.g., prematurity, CVA, placental infarction, etc.)
2. Acquired CP = May result from trauma, intracranial hemorrhage, CNS infections, near drowning, hypoxia, and metabolic disorders.
2
Q
Key Markers of CP
A
- Retention of primitive reflexes and automatic reactions
- Abnormal or variable muscle tone
- Hyperresponsive tendon reflexes
- Asymmetrical use of extremities
- Clonus (involuntary muscles contractions or spasms)
- Poor feeding and tongue control
- Involuntary movements
3
Q
Hemiplegia
A
- Affects upper and lower extremities on ONE side of the body
- Classification of CP on basis of limb involvement and distribution of tone
4
Q
Quadriplegia or tetraplegia
A
- Affects upper and lower extremities on BOTH sides of the body
- Classification of CP on basis of limb involvement and distribution of tone
5
Q
Diplegia
A
- Quadriplegia with mild upper extremity involvement and significant lowed extremity involvement
- Classification of CP on basis of limb involvement and distribution of tone
6
Q
Spasticity
A
- Increased flexor or extensor tone
- Classification of CP on basis of QUALITY of tone
7
Q
Athetosis
A
- Fluctuation of tone from low to normal with little spasticity
- Classification of CP on basis of QUALITY of tone
8
Q
Choreoathetosis
A
- Constant fluctuations from low to high tone, without co-contractions
- Typically appears as jerky movements
- Classification of CP on basis of QUALITY of tone
9
Q
Flaccidity
A
- Marked low tone
- Will usually progress to spasticity
- Classification of CP on basis of QUALITY of tone
10
Q
Ataxia
A
- Tone usually within the normal range but involving lower extremity flexion patterns
11
Q
Common Comorbidities
A
- Strabismus (eye alignment deviation)
- Nystagmus (a reflexive back-and-forth movement of the eyes when the head moves)
- Dysarthria (difficulty pronouncing or articulating words)
- Aphasia (associated with poor language development; functionally looks as though the person has difficulty comprehending the meaning of certain words)
