neuroanatomy

Question 1

Brainstem

Answer 1

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

Question 2

Midbrain

Question 3

Pons

Question 4

Medulla Oblongata

Question 5

Spinal Cord

Answer 5

White matter - myelinated, outer layer of spinal cord

Grey matter – unmeyelinated, inner H-shaped portion of spinal cord

Central Canal – filled with CSF, runs longitudinally along length of spinal cord, continous with ventricular system in brain

Dorsal horns – SENSORY nerve tract

Ventral – MOTOR neurons

Question 6

Cerebellum

Answer 6

balance / posture, learning of motions, cognitive functions and motor coordination

does not initiate motions, responsible for fine tunint motions

damage to cerebellum will result in a lack of coordination in gait, speech ect

Question 7

Cerebrum

Answer 7

Hemispheres (connected by the corpus callosum)

Sulci
Gyri

Lobes (fronta, parietal, occipital, temporal)

Question 8

Cerebral hemispheres

Answer 8

includes the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia

Question 9

cerebral cortex

Answer 9

site for sensorimotor integration and perceptive qualities of our experiences

Question 10

Gyrus

Answer 10

Convolution of cortex

Question 11

Sulcus / fissure

Answer 11

gap between gyri

Question 12

The three fisures / sulcus

Answer 12

longitudinal fissures
Lateral sulcus
Central sulcus

Question 13

Homonculus

Answer 13

little human

refers to the image of the body imprinted on the brain
- there are two types (sensory and motor)

Sensory homonculus is represented on the post central gyrus of the parietal lobe

Motor homonculus is represented on the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe

Question 14

Thalamus

Answer 14

all sensory stimuli
(except for olfactory) are received by the thalamus

these ar eintegrated and relayed through thalamocortical radiations to specific cortical areas

Question 15

Hypothalamus

Question 16

Cranial Nerves

Answer 16

Question 17

CN 1 and 2

Question 18

CN 3

Answer 18

Occulomotor nerve…
- superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblieuq muscles that control movements of EYE

ALSO levator palpebrae superiors muscle of eyelid and muscles that control pupillary constriction

Question 19

CN 4

Answer 19

Trochlear N

innervates the superior oblique muscle of the eye

Question 20

CN 6

Answer 20

Abducens N

innervates lateral rectus muscle of the eye

Question 21

CN 7

Answer 21

Facial Nerve

provides motor innervation to the muscles of the facial expression,

• parasympathetic motor innervation to lacrimal glands and most of the sinuses
• stapedius muscle of the middle ear, chorda tympani, and the innervation from the anteiror 2/3 of the tongue