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3 Anatomy > Neuroanatomy 1 > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

name the 3 embryological regions of the brain from anterior to posterior

A

prosencephalon
mesencephalon
rhomencephalon

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2
Q

name the regions of the brainstem from proximal to distal

A

midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

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3
Q

what regions of the brain derive from the metencephalon

A

pons

cerebellum

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4
Q

what region(s) of the brain are derived from the mesencephalon?

A

midbrain

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5
Q

what region(s) of the brain are derived from the myelencephalon?

A

medulla

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6
Q

what region(s) of the brain are derived from the diencephalon?

A

thalamus

hypothalamus

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7
Q

how many axons does a typical neuron have?

A

1

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8
Q

the soma contains the ___ of the neuron

A

nucleus

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9
Q

which part of the brain contains the most neurons?

A

cerebellum

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10
Q

the CNS lacks what type of tissue?

A

connective tissue

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11
Q

what kind of cells are astrocytes and what do they do?

A 
glial cells (glue cells)
support, maintaining BBB and homeostasis
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12
Q

what kind of cells are oligodendrocytes and what do they do?

A

glial cells

produce myelin IN THE CNS ONLY

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13
Q

what kind of cells are microglia and what do they do?

A

glial cells

immune monitoring and antigen presentation (the brain’s resident immune cells)

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14
Q

what lines the brain’s ventricles?

A

ciliated cuboidal/columnar epithelium called ependymal cells

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15
Q

what is the first embryological brain structure?

A

neural tube

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16
Q

the outer section of the brain is made up of __ matter

A

grey

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17
Q

inwards projections of the brain are called ___

A

sulci (s: sulcus)

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18
Q

the outward projections of the brain are called __

A

gyri (s: gyrus)

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19
Q

what is the difference between a fissure and a sulcus?

A

a fissure protrudes deeper than a sulcus

20
Q

what exists in the white matter

A

axons

support cells eg white cells

21
Q

what exists in the grey matter

A

glial cells
neurons
cell bodies

22
Q

there are grey matter structures deep in the brain T or F

A

T!

23
Q

how is grey and white matter arranged in the spinal cord

A 
grey = an "H" shape in the middle
white = surrounding it
24
Q

a horn of the spinal cord means it will be __ matter

A

grey

25
Q

the ventral horn is located in the posterior column of the spinal cord T or F

A

F, ventral means anterior here

26
Q

posterior column of the spinal cord is also called the ___ column

A

dorsal

27
Q

the central sulcus has the __ gyrus in front of it and the __ gyrus behind it

A

precentral

postcentral

28
Q

postcentral gyrus is the ____ centre of the brain

A

somatosensory

29
Q

precentral gyrus is the ___ centre of the brain

A

somatomotor

30
Q

what is the corpus collosum made of and what does it do

A

made up of white matter;
allows the left side of the brain to connect with the right PLUS;
the spinal cord to connect with the brain

31
Q

what 2 structures make up the lentiform nucleus?

A

putamen

globus pallidus

32
Q

“2 potatoes sitting at the top of the brainstem” describes—

A

the thalamus

33
Q

central sulcus forms the boundary between what 2 lobes?

A

parietal and frontal lobes

34
Q

what separates the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe?

A

parietooccipital sulcus

35
Q

the lateral sulcus separates….

A

parietal and temporal lobes

36
Q

name the 5th lobe and where it is located

A

insular lobe

deep in the brain between the frontal and parietal lobe

37
Q

function of the insular lobe

A

pain

sensory functions

38
Q

name the meninges of the brain from superficial to deep

A

dura mater
arachnoid mater
subarachnoid space
pia mater (very thin)

39
Q

the 3rd ventricle is surrounded by the ___ on either side

A

thalamus

40
Q

what connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles?

A

cerebral aqueduct

41
Q

CSF is made…

A

in ALL ventricles

42
Q

where is most CSF absorbed?

A

dural venous sinus in the subarachnoid space

43
Q

posterior cerebral arteries supply what parts of the brain

A

occipital lobe

44
Q

internal carotid arteries give rise to what arteries of the brain?

A

middle and anterior cerebral arteries

45
Q

the dural venous sinuses go through the __ foramen and drain into ….

A

jugular foramen

internal jugular vein

3 Anatomy (20 decks)

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