Breast Anatomy and Histology

Question 1

the breast is a ___ gland

Answer 1

subcutaneous

Question 2

what duct drains via a series of ducts eventually leading to the nipple?

Answer 2

tubuloacinar

Question 3

what structure is located adjacent to the secretory lobules of the breast?

Answer 3

dense fibrocollagenous connective tissue

Question 4

what surrounds the fibrous tissue of the breast?

Answer 4

adipose tissue

Question 5

what is contained within each lobe of the secretory tissue of the breast?

Answer 5

tubuloacinar glands

Question 6

suspensory ligaments are contained within what layer?

Answer 6

fibrous connective tissue

Question 7

suspensory ligaments are most abundant in what area of the breast?

Answer 7

upper breast

Question 8

what do suspensory ligaments anchor to superficially?

Answer 8

dermis of the skin

Question 9

what is the basic functional secretory unit of the breast?

Answer 9

terminal duct lobular unit

Question 10

the ___ duct leads to the nipple

Answer 10

lactiferous

Question 11

name the expanded duct that the lactiferous duct passes through to get to the nipple

Answer 11

lactiferous sinus

Question 12

name the 2 ducts of a breast lobule

Answer 12

extralobular

intralobular

Question 13

what kinds of secretory epithelial cells exist within the lobule of the breast?

Answer 13

cuboidal to columnar

Question 14

the secretory cells of the acinus (tubuloacinar gland) are surrounded by ___ cells

Answer 14

myoepithelial cells

Question 15

what epithelium forms the surface of the nipple?

Answer 15

keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

becomes cuboidal deeper

Question 16

what layers form the core of the nipple?

Answer 16

irregular connective tissue AND smooth muscle

Question 17

name the glands in the breast that are both milk and sweat producing glands?

Answer 17

montgomery’s glands

Question 18

elongation and branching of smaller ducts occurs in what trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 18

1st

Question 19

plasma cells and lymphocytes infiltrate nearby connective tissue in what trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 19

2nd

Question 20

major circulating antibody

Answer 20

IgG

Question 21

main secretory antibody

Answer 21

IgA

Question 22

there is development of what organelles in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 22

rough ER

Question 23

proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells occur in what trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 23

1st

Question 24

oestrogen and progesterone increase proliferation of the ___ tissue of the breast only

Answer 24

secretory

Question 25

main carb in breast milk?

Answer 25

lactose

Question 26

what cells secrete IgA?

Answer 26

plasma cells

Question 27

the fat element of breast milk is released via ___ secretion

Answer 27

apocrine

Question 28

the protein element of breast milk is released via ____ secretion

Answer 28

merocrine (exocytosis)

Question 29

what elements of the mammary gland degenerate in menopause?

Answer 29

secretory cells of TDLUs (terminal duct lobular unit)