Neuro7 Flashcards
Aphasia Cerebral Artery-cortical distribution
Aphasia =
Higher-order inability to speak (language deficit)
Dysarthria =
Motor inability to speak (movement deficit)
Broca’s Area
Inferior Frontal gyrus of Frontal lobe
Broca’s Aphasia
Nonfluent aphasia w/ INTACT comprehension
“BROca’s BROken BOCa”
Wernicke’s Area
Superior Temporal gyrus of Temporal lobe
*supplied by Left Middle Cerebral A.
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Fluent aphasia w/ IMPAIRED comprehension
“Wernicke’s is Wordy but makes NO sense”
“Wernicke’s = “What?”
Global aphasia
Nonfluent aphasia w/ IMPAIRED comprehension
*BOTH Broca’s & Wernicke’s areas affected
Conduction aphasia
Poor repetition but fluent speech w/ INTACT comprehension
*Can’t repeat phrases such as, “No ifs, ands, or buts.”
Conduction aphasia can be caused by damage to what area?
Arcuate Fasciculus
*Can’t repeat phrases such as, “No ifs, ands, or buts.”
Cortical Distribution of:
Anterior Cerebral Artery
“Anteromedial Surface”
Most medial portions of the frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes.
The two anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery and are part of the Circle of Willis.
The left and right anterior cerebral arteries are connected by the anterior communicating artery.
Cortical Distribution of:
Middle Cerebral Artery
“Lateral surface”
The MCA arises from the internal carotid and continues into the lateral sulcus where it then branches and projects to many parts of the lateral cerebral cortex.
It also supplies blood to the anterior temporal lobes and the insular cortices.
The left and right MCAs rise from trifurcations of the internal carotid arteries and thus are connected to the anterior cerebral arteries and the posterior communicating arteries, which connect to the posterior cerebral arteries.
The MCAs are not considered a part of the Circle of Willis.
Cortical Distribution of:
Posterior Cerebral Artery
Posterior & Inferior surfaces
It arises near the intersection of the posterior communicating artery and the basilar artery and connects with the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery via the posterior communicating artery
What are the main watershed zones of the cerebral cortex?
Between:
- Anterior Cerebral/Middle Cerebral
- Posterior Cerebral/Middle Cerebral
When are the watershed zones most vulnerable and what are the symptoms?
Severe Hypotension
Sx:
Upper leg/upper arm weakness
Defects in higher-order visual processing
Cerebral perfusion is primarily drived by what?
PCO2
*PO2 also modulates perfusion in severe hypoxia
