Neuro15

Question 1

What are the 5 cranial nerve reflexes?

Answer 1

Corneal
Lacrimation
Jaw Jerk
Pupillary
Gag

Question 2

Corneal reflex:

• Afferent
• Efferent

Answer 2

Corneal reflex:

• Afferent: V1 opthalmic (nasociliary branch)
• Efferent: VII (temporal branch: orbicularis oculi m.)

Question 3

Lacrimation reflex:

• Afferent
• Efferent

Answer 3

Lacrimation reflex:

• Afferent: V1 (opthalmic br. CN V)
• Efferent: VII

Question 4

Jaw Jerk reflex:

• Afferent
• Efferent

Answer 4

Jaw Jerk reflex:

• Afferent: V3 (sensory–muscle spindle from masseter m.)
• Efferent: V3 (motor–masseter m.)

Question 5

Pupillary reflex:

• Afferent
• Efferent

Answer 5

Pupillary reflex:

• Afferent: II
• Efferent: III

Question 6

Gag reflex:

• Afferent
• Efferent

Answer 6

Gag reflex:

• Afferent: IX
• Efferent: X

Question 7

What are the vagal nuclei?

Answer 7

Nucleus Solitarius
Nucleus Ambiguus
Dorsal motor nucleus

Question 8

What type of input is sent to the Nucleus Solitarius?

Answer 8

Visceral Sensory information

-Taste, Baroreceptors, Gut distention

Question 9

What CNs are associated with the Nucleus Solitarius?

Answer 9

CN VII, IX, X

Question 10

What type of input is sent to the Nucleus Ambiguus?

Answer 10

Motor innervation of pharynx, larynx and upper esophagus

-Swallowing, palate elevation

Question 11

What CNs are associated with the Nucleus Ambiguus?

Answer 11

CN IX & CN X

Question 12

What is the function of the Dorsal Motor Nucleus?

Answer 12

Sends Autonomic (Parasympathetic) fiers to heart, lungs, and upper GI

Question 13

What CN is associated with the dorsal motor nucleus?

Answer 13

CN X

Question 14

CN I goes through structure in the cranium?

Answer 14

Cribriform plate

Question 15

What goes through the Optic Canal?

Answer 15

CN II
Opthalmic a.
Central retinal v.

Question 16

What goes through the Superior Orbital Fissure?

Answer 16

CN III, IV, V1, VI, Opthalmic vein, sympathetic fibers

Question 17

What goes through the Foramen Rotundum?

Answer 17

CN V2

Question 18

What goes through the Foramen Ovale?

Answer 18

CN V3

Question 19

What goes through the Foramen Spinosum?

Answer 19

Middle Meningeal A.

Question 20

What goes through the Internal auditory meatus?

Answer 20

CN VII, VIII

Question 21

What goes through the Jugular foramen?

Answer 21

CN IX, X, XI, Jugular v.

Question 22

What goes through the hypoglossal canal?

Answer 22

CN XII

Question 23

What goes through the Foramen Magnum?

Answer 23

Spinal roots of CN XI, Brain stem, Vertebral arteries

Question 24

What is the mnemonic of the Divisions of CN V through the cranium?

Answer 24

Standing Room Only

V1 - Superior orbital fissure
V2 - foramen Rotundum
V3 - foramen Ovale

Question 25

What is the Cavernous sinus?

Answer 25

Collection of venous sinuses on either side of the pituitary

*Blood from eye and superficial cortex -> Cavernous sinus -> Internal jugular vein

Question 26

What structures pass through the cavernous sinus?

Answer 26

CNs III, IV, V1, V2, VI
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers
Internal Carotid A. (carvernous portion of)

“the nerves that control extraocular muscles (CN III, IV, VI) plus V1 & V2 pass through”

Question 27

What causes cavernous sinus syndrome? what are the symptoms?

Answer 27

Mass effect, Fistula, or Thrombosis

Sxs:

• Opthalmoplegia
• DEcreased Corneal and Maxillary sensation w/normal vision