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DPT 752 - Neurological Rehab I > Neuro Rehab Techniques > Flashcards

Neuro Rehab Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

What is Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT)?

A
  • A therapeutic approach developed by Karel and Berta Bobath in the late 1940s and 1950s.
  • Focused on proper movement and handling key points of control to inhibit spastic and reflex patterns and promote normal postural movements.
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2
Q

What are the assumptions of current NDT?

A

Uses therapeutic handling techniques with manual contacts to influence the quality of the patient’s movement, postural control can be learned and modified through experience, and is initiated from a patient’s base of support.

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3
Q

What is the sequence of progressively challenging postures in NDT?

A

Prone → quadruped → kneeling → standing.

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4
Q

Rood Approach = ?

A

Rood Approach: Sensory stimulation to facilitate or inhibit responses: a part of the approach.

  • resistance
  • tapping
  • joint approximation
  • joint traction
  • fast icing
  • light touch/brushing
  • quick stretch
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5
Q

What are the sensory stimulation techniques for facilitation and inhibition in the Rood Approach?

A

Facilitation Techniques: used to elicit voluntary muscular contraction.

  • resistance
  • tapping
  • joint approximation
  • joint traction
  • fast icing
  • light touch/brushing
  • quick stretch

Inhibition Techniques: used to decrease excessive tone or movement

  • deep pressure
  • prolonged stretch
  • warmth
  • prolonged cold
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6
Q

What are PNF patterns?

A

Patterns of movement that are diagonal/spiral and combine motion in all three planes:

  • flexion/extension
  • abduction/adduction
  • transverse rotation
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7
Q

What are the PNF handling principles?

A
  • positioning of patient and PT
  • manual contacts
  • irradiation/reinforcement
  • visual input
  • verbal input
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8
Q

What is Alternating Isometrics (AI) in PNF?

A

Alternating Isometrics (AI): A technique for stability, strength, and endurance in specific muscle groups through isometric contractions of agonist and antagonist muscle groups alternately.

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9
Q

What is Rhythmic Stabilization (RS) in PNF?

A

Rhythmic Stabilization (RS): A technique to improve stability through co-contraction of muscles surrounding a joint, often used in developmental positions.

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10
Q

What is Rhythmic Initiation (RI) in PNF?

A

Rhythmic Initiation (RI): A technique to improve mobility by sequentially applying passive, active-assisted, and active or slightly resisted motions.

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11
Q

What is Rhythmic Rotation (RR) in PNF?

A

Rhythmic Rotation (RR): A technique for tone reduction and relaxation through passive or active movement in a rotational pattern.

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12
Q

What is Contract Relax (CR) in PNF?

A

Contract Relax (CR): A technique to increase joint ROM and soft tissue length by having the patient contract the antagonist muscle, hold, then relax and move through the new ROM.

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13
Q

What is Slow Reversal (SR) in PNF?

A

Slow Reversal (SR): A technique for mobility, controlled mobility, and skill by alternating concentric actions of agonist and antagonist muscles.

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14
Q

What is Agonist Reversal (AgR) in PNF?

A

Agonist Reversal (AgR): A technique for controlled mobility, coordination, and strength through resistance to concentric contraction, stabilizing hold, and eccentric contraction.

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15
Q

What is the D1 flexion and extension pattern for the upper extremity?

A

Functional Considerations:

  • Flexion is used in grooming, feeding, and initiating rolling.
  • Extension is used in weight-bearing through the UE and protective reactions in sitting.
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16
Q

What is the D2 Flexion pattern for the upper extremity?

A

Shoulder flexion-abduction-external rotation; example cue: ‘Open your hand, turn, lift your arm up and out toward me. Keep your elbow straight.’

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17
Q

What is the D2 Extension pattern for the upper extremity?

A

Shoulder extension-adduction-internal rotation; example cue: ‘Squeeze my hand, turn, and pull down and across to your opposite hip. Keep your elbow straight. Pull.’

18
Q

What are the functional considerations for D2 UE patterns?

A

Flexion is used in overhead activities. Extension is used in lower body dressing, weight shifts, and as a precursor to rolling.

19
Q

What is the D1 Flexion pattern for the lower extremity?

A

Hip flexion-adduction-external rotation; example cue: ‘Pull your foot up and in, bend your knee, and pull up and across.’

20
Q

What is the D1 Extension pattern for the lower extremity?

A

Hip extension-abduction-internal rotation; example cue: ‘Push your foot down, push your hip down and out towards me, straighten your knee.’

21
Q

What are the functional considerations for D1 LE patterns?

A

D1 flexion is used in the swing phase of gait. D1 extension is used in the stance phase of gait.

22
Q

What is the D2 Flexion pattern for the lower extremity?

A

Hip flexion-abduction-internal rotation; example cue: ‘Lift your foot up, bend your knee, and lift up and out towards me.’

23
Q

What is the D2 Extension pattern for the lower extremity?

A

Hip extension-adduction-external rotation; example cue: ‘Push your foot and toes down, push down and in, and straighten your knee.’

24
Q

What are the functional considerations for D2 LE patterns?

A

D2 flexion is used in the swing phase of gait and can emphasize the quadriceps. D2 extension is used in stepping up.

25
Q

What is resistance used for in Rood’s sensory stimulation techniques?

A

To elicit voluntary muscular contraction.

26
Q

What is tapping used for in Rood’s sensory stimulation techniques?

A

To elicit voluntary muscular contraction.

27
Q

What is joint approximation used for in Rood’s sensory stimulation techniques?

A

To elicit voluntary muscular contraction.

28
Q

What is deep pressure used for in Rood’s sensory stimulation techniques?

A

To decrease excessive tone or movement.

29
Q

What is prolonged stretch used for in Rood’s sensory stimulation techniques?

A

To decrease excessive tone or movement.

30
Q

What is warmth used for in Rood’s sensory stimulation techniques?

A

To decrease excessive tone or movement, typically applied for 15-20 minutes using hot packs or towels.

31
Q

What is prolonged cold used for in Rood’s sensory stimulation techniques?

A

To decrease excessive tone or movement.

32
Q

What are the recommendations for using hands-on neuro rehab techniques?

A

They can be helpful to promote voluntary control in early rehab, are part of PT history, continue to have potential therapeutic benefit, and can be used during task-oriented training.

33
Q

Why might continued use of neuro rehab techniques long after they are needed be counter-productive?

A

It may delay recovery by not emphasizing active control and effective motor learning strategies.

34
Q

What should be emphasized during neuro rehab according to current recommendations?

A

Active control, effective motor learning strategies, and task-specific high-repetition training.

35
Q

What is the goal of Alternating Isometrics (AI) in PNF?

A

To decrease pain, increase strength, stability, and endurance.

36
Q

What is the goal of Rhythmic Stabilization (RS) in PNF?

A

To increase stability, strength, endurance, and decrease pain.

37
Q

What is the goal of Rhythmic Initiation (RI) in PNF?

A

To increase ROM, initiate movement, and promote tone reduction.

38
Q

What is the goal of Rhythmic Rotation (RR) in PNF?

A

To promote tone reduction and relaxation.

39
Q

What is the goal of Contract Relax (CR) in PNF?

A

To increase joint ROM and soft tissue length.

40
Q

What is the goal of Slow Reversal (SR) in PNF?

A

To increase mobility, controlled mobility, skill, and coordination.

41
Q

What is the goal of Agonist Reversal (AgR) in PNF?

A

To increase controlled mobility, coordination, and strength.

DPT 752 - Neurological Rehab I (22 decks)

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