Coordination Flashcards
What is coordination?
Coordination: The ability to execute smooth, accurate, controlled movements involving multiple joints and muscles activated at the appropriate time and with the correct amount of force.
What does coordinated movement involve?
- Input from sensory systems
- An intact MSK and neuromuscular system
- Proximal fixation for posture
- Appropriate synergistic movement
- Correct sequencing of opposing muscle groups
What is
- Intralimb coordination = ?
- Interlimb Coordination = ?
- Visual Motion Coordination = ?
- Intralimb Coordination: Movements occurring within a single limb.
- Interlimb Coordination: Integrated performance of two or more limbs working together.
- Visual Motion Coordination: The ability to integrate visual and motor abilities with the environment to accomplish a task.
What is ataxia?
Ataxia: The inability to perform coordinated movements, characterized by disorderly movement with errors in rate, rhythm, and timing.
What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
Coordinating movement, postural control, and muscle tone.
What motor deficits are associated with basal ganglia pathology?
Impaired coordination, bradykinesia, involuntary movements, altered posture, and muscle tone.
What does the DCML pathway regulate?
Afferent discriminatory sensation, proprioception, kinesthesia, and vibration.
What are the purposes of a coordination examination?
Assess safety risk, movement efficiency, muscle synergy, establish diagnosis, goal setting, prognosis, and intervention planning.
What should be considered during coordination testing?
Perform 5 repetitions per test, observe movement quality, perform tests with eyes closed if needed, and time the tests for objective comparison.
What are some outcome measures for assessing coordination?
- 9 Hole Peg Test
- TUG
- DGI
- Berg
- MiniBest
- mCTSIB
- FGA
- 10 meter walk test
What is proximal fixation?
The stabilization of proximal body segments to allow for controlled distal movements.
What is appropriate synergistic movement?
The coordinated activation of multiple muscles working together to produce smooth movement.
What is the role of sensory input in coordination?
Sensory input provides the necessary information for the CNS to execute and adjust movements.
What are common symptoms of cerebellar ataxia?
Unsteady gait, difficulty with balance, poor coordination, and intention tremor.
What is bradykinesia?
Slowness of movement, commonly associated with basal ganglia pathology.
What is dysmetria?
Difficulty judging the required distance and range of movement for extremities.
What is the Romberg test?
A test for proprioceptive loss where a patient stands with feet together and eyes closed to assess balance.
What is the difference between cerebellar ataxia and sensory ataxia?
- Cerebellar ataxia involves unsteady gait and truncal instability regardless of eye position.
- Sensory ataxia involves loss of balance with eyes closed and impaired vibratory and position sense.
What is the ‘great comparator’?
A term referring to the cerebellum’s role in comparing intended movement with actual movement to correct errors.
What are some causes of cerebellar ataxia?
Inherited conditions, trauma, autoimmune disorders, tumors, stroke, infections, and toxicity.
What is the role of the basal ganglia in coordination?
Initiating and regulating gross intentional movements and controlling posture and muscle tone.
What is sensory ataxia?
Ataxia due to proprioceptive loss, leading to unsteady gait and the need to look at the feet while walking.
