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DPT 752 - Neurological Rehab I > Cranial Nerve Examination > Flashcards

Cranial Nerve Examination Flashcards

1
Q

What is the sensory function and disorders of Cranial Nerve I (Olfactory)?

A
  • Smell
  • Anosmia (inability to detect smells)
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2
Q

What is the sensory function of Cranial Nerve II (Optic)?

A

Vision

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3
Q

Lesion in Optic Chiasm results in = ?

A

(2) Bitemporal hemianopsia:

  • Loss of vision in the outer (temporal) half of both visual fields
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4
Q

How is the visual acuity of Cranial Nerve II tested?

A

Using Snellen’s chart for visual acuity

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5
Q

How is the visual field of Cranial Nerve II tested?

A
  • One eye covered, patient looks into examiner’s eye while finger is moved into visual field.
  • Normal = Patient reports seeing the finger
  • Abnormal Response = patient cannot see the finger
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6
Q

What is the consensual reflex related to Cranial Nerve II?

A

Consensual Reflex

  • Pupil of one eye constricts when light is shined into the other eye
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7
Q

What motor functions does Cranial Nerve III (Oculomotor) control?

A

Moves eyes up, down, medially; raises upper eyelid; constricts pupil

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8
Q

What is ptosis?

A

Drooping of the upper eyelid

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9
Q

How is the smooth pursuit of Cranial Nerve III tested?

A
  • Patient’s eyes follow examiner’s finger moving up, down, and in
  • Normal Response: eyes move symmetrically, smoothly
  • Abnormal Response: deficits in adduction, depression or elevation of the eye
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10
Q

What is the pupillary light reflex for Cranial Nerve III?

A
  • Shine light into eye; observe constriction of the pupil
  • Normal Response: constriction of pupils
  • Abnormal Response: response is slow or absent
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11
Q

What is the motor function of Cranial Nerve IV (Trochlear) and how is it tested?

A
  • Moves eye medially and down
  • Patient’s eye follows examiner finger about 50 degrees adduction then down
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12
Q

What are the branches of Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal)?

A
  • Ophthalmic
  • Maxillary
  • Mandibular
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13
Q

What sensory functions does Cranial Nerve V provide and how are they tested?

A
  • Facial sensation, sensation from TMJ
  • Use light touch and pin to assess sensation in 3 areas: forehead, cheek, chin
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14
Q

What is the corneal reflex associated with Cranial Nerve V?

A

Touch outer cornea with a wisp of cotton; normal response is eye blinks

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15
Q

What is the motor function of Cranial Nerve VI (Abducens)?

A

Abducts eye

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16
Q

How is Cranial Nerve VI tested?

A

Patient follows examiner’s finger to look laterally

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17
Q

What motor functions does Cranial Nerve VII (Facial) control?

A

Facial expression, closes eyes

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18
Q

What is Bell’s Palsy?

A

Paralysis or paresis of ipsilateral facial muscles

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19
Q

How is Cranial Nerve VII tested?

A

Facial movements: smile, puff cheeks, close eyes, wrinkle forehead

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20
Q

What is the sensory function of Cranial Nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear)?

A

Hearing and balance

21
Q

What is the Rinne test?

A

Hold vibrating tuning fork on mastoid bone, then move it near the ear

22
Q

What is the Weber test?

A

Hold vibrating tuning fork on top of the head; ask where sound is heard

23
Q

What is sensorineural deafness?

A

Damage to receptor cells or cochlear nerve, less common than conductive deafness

24
Q

What motor function does Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal) control?

A

Swallowing

25
Q

How is the gag reflex tested?

A

Touch soft palate with cotton swab; normal response is gagging

26
Q

What are the motor functions of Cranial Nerve X (Vagus)?

A

Regulates viscera, swallowing, speech

27
Q

What is the normal response for the soft palate test of Cranial Nerve X?

A

Elevation of soft palate when patient says ‘ah’

28
Q

What is the motor function of Cranial Nerve XI (Spinal Accessory)?

A

Elevates shoulders, turns head

29
Q

How is Cranial Nerve XI tested?

A

Manual muscle test of SCM and trapezius

30
Q

What motor function does Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal) control?

A

Moves tongue

31
Q

How is Cranial Nerve XII tested?

A

Protrude tongue; normal response is midline protrusion

32
Q

What is the pupillary reflex?

A

Pupil constricts when light is shined into the eye

33
Q

What nerves are involved in the corneal reflex?

A
  • Afferent: Trigeminal (CN V)
  • Efferent: Facial (CN VII)
34
Q

What is the accommodation reflex?

A

Lens adjusts to focus light on retina; pupils move medially for close objects

35
Q

What is the masseter reflex?

A

Masseter muscle contracts when tapped with a reflex hammer

36
Q

How is visual acuity tested?

A

Using Snellen’s chart at a specified distance

37
Q

What is diplopia?

A

Double vision

38
Q

What is homonymous hemianopia?

A

Inability to see half of the visual field in each eye

39
Q

What is the normal response for the consensual reflex?

A

Pupil constricts in response to light shined in the other eye

40
Q

What is the normal response for the convergence test?

A

Both eyes move toward the pen tip until it is within 6 cm of the nose

41
Q

What does Cranial Nerve IX affect?

A

Taste and salivation

42
Q

What are the disorders associated with Cranial Nerve X?

A
  • Difficulty speaking & swallowing
  • Poor digestion
  • Cardiac dysrhythmia
43
Q

How is Cranial Nerve III tested for pupillary light reflex?

A

Shine light into eye; observe pupil constriction

44
Q

What does Cranial Nerve XI innervate?

A

SCM and trapezius muscles

45
Q

What is the sensory function of Cranial Nerve II?

A

Vision

46
Q

How is the pupillary light reflex tested?

A

Shine light into eye; observe pupil of the other eye (consensual reflex)

47
Q

What is the role of the Vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

Hearing and balance

48
Q

How is conductive deafness tested?

A

Rinne and Weber tests

49
Q

What is the function of the Glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Taste and salivation

DPT 752 - Neurological Rehab I (19 decks)

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