Balance Interventions Flashcards
What is a general approach to balance intervention?
Address underlying motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments.
What should be included in the developmental progressions for balance interventions?
Quadruped, kneeling, half kneeling, modified plantigrade, standing.
What is the goal of decreasing dependence on assistive devices in balance training?
To improve balance confidence and active control.
What is the progression for treatment in balance interventions?
Elevate COM, narrow BOS, increase cognitive demand, include sensory manipulation.
Why is it important to withdraw support gradually in balance training?
To focus on active control while ensuring safety.
What does balance intensity refer to?
The degree of challenge to the balance control system relative to the individual’s capacity to maintain balance.
What is high balance intensity?
The highest level of balance-enhancing exercises that can be tolerated without inducing a fall or near fall.
What scale is used to measure balance exercise intensity in older adults?
The Balance Intensity Scale (BIS).
What does the Rating of Perceived Stability (RPS) scale measure?
How stable a patient feels during and after each exercise.
Why is it important to determine the ‘ideal’ balance exercise intensity?
To optimize balance training without inducing a fall or near fall.
What should be targeted in sitting balance interventions?
Specific impairments causing balance loss.
What is an example of a reactive balance control intervention in sitting?
Small range manual perturbations to the trunk.
How can perturbations be varied in sitting balance training?
By changing the speed, direction, and timing.
What is the progression for reactive balance interventions in sitting?
From predictable perturbations to unpredictable perturbations.
What is a tool that can be used for perturbation training in sitting?
A rockerboard, inflated disc, or therapy ball.
What is a method to improve posture in standing balance training?
Standing with a mirror for feedback.
How can somatosensory feedback be increased in standing posture training?
Using a towel roll on the wall.
What is an example of a static standing progression?
Progressing to pliable surfaces like foam or a rockerboard.
How can BOS be reduced in static standing balance training?
Progressing to Romberg, semi-tandem, tandem stance, or single-leg stance.
What is a dual task that can be added to standing balance training?
Performing resistance training while maintaining steady state.
What is a technique for reactive balance training in standing?
Manual perturbations applied to the shoulders, trunk, or hips.
What is an example of a stepping strategy training exercise?
Leaning forward until COM is outside BOS, then stepping to prevent a fall.
How can sensory conditions be varied in balance training?
By altering vision and somatosensory conditions.
What is an ankle strategy in balance training?
Small shifts in COM alignment or slow sway movements activating ankle strategy.
