neuro guillian barre

Question 1

what is guillian barre syndrome

Answer 1

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute postinfectious polyneuropathy characterized by symmetric and ascending flaccid paralysis. In affected patients, cross‑reactive autoantibodies attack the host’s own axonal antigens, resulting in inflammatory and demyelinating polyneuropathy.

Question 2

etiology of guillian barre and most common bacterial cause

Answer 2

preceding urti or gi infection 4 weeks prior

campylobacter most common

others:
cytomegalovirus
hiv
influenza

Question 3

etiology of guillian barre and most common bacteria

Answer 3

Overview
About ⅔ of GBS patients experience symptoms of an upper respiratory or gastrointestinal tract infection 1–4 weeks prior to onset of GBS. [1]
The causal connection between pathogens and GBS is still undetermined.
Associated pathogens [1][3][4]
Campylobacter jejuni: campylobacter enteritis is the most common disease associated with GBS.
Cytomegalovirus: most common virus associated with GBS
HIV
Influenza

Question 4

clinical features of guillian barre syndrome

Answer 4

Initial symptoms
Back and limb pain
Paresthesias affecting distal extremities
Advanced symptoms
Ascending paralysis
Bilateral flaccid paralysis
Spreads from the lower to the upper limbs in a “stocking‑glove” distribution
Landry paralysis: involvement of the respiratory muscles → respiratory failure
Muscle reflexes
Reduced or absent
Commonly beginning in the lower limbs
Paresthesias
Peripheral, symmetric
Usually affecting hands and feet
Neuropathic pain: develops in about ⅔ of affected individuals

autonomic dysfuntion such as probs with voiding cardio such as arrythmias

cranial nerve involvement particularly facial nerve

Question 5

Diagnostics of guillian barre

Answer 5

Cerebrospinal fluid: albuminocytologic dissociation
↑ Protein levels and normal white blood cell count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
CSF cell counts higher than 50 cells per μl CSF indicate that GBS is unlikely
Serological screening
To identify potential pathogens (e.g., Campylobacter jejuni)

Question 6

Treatment of Guilin barre

Answer 6

Intravenous immunoglobulins

Plasmapheresis