Neuro disorders Flashcards
What is Parkinson’s disease?
Disease of low dopamine
Chronic degenerative movement disorder :
Resting tremor
Bradykinesia ( slow/ no movement )
Rigidity/ freezing
Parkinson’s disease is In what nervous system?
Central nervous system
How can we help Parkinson’s?
Increase the levels of dopamine in the body or suppress / reduce the amount of acetylcholine being produced ( anti cholinergic)
What is Alzheimer’s?
Chronic, progressive , degenerative condition of the cholinergic neurons in the brain
It is due to low acetylcholine
What is myasthenia gravis ?
Acquired chronic autoimmune disorder
Destruction of acetylcholine receptor sites by antibodies
Disease of nicotinic receptors. Your nerves are supposed to talk the muscles that you control like the muscles on your face.
Chronic fluctuating muscle weakness on voluntary muscles
What is a muscle spasm?
Localized involuntary muscle contractions with pain
When do we need muscle paralysis with out the presence of muscle spasms?
When under anesthesia using neuromuscular blockers like succinylcholine , vecurnuim, pancuronium
Indications for paralytic Agents
Adjunct to general anesthesia
Short procedures that require flaccidity ( incubation)
During mechanical ventilation
During electroconvulsive therapy
DOES NOT CROSS BBB SO NO CNS EFFECTS
No unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia
What are the two types of paralytic agents?
Depolarizing and non depolarizing
Multiple sclerosis
Patho: Neuromuscular autoimmune disorder Progressive loss of myelin sheath of nerve fibers in CNS No cure No specific diagnostic test
Characteristics:
Early onset 20-40
Slow progression, remissions and exacerbation
Motor: weakness, spasms, paralysis, fall
Sensory: diplopia, blurred vision, paresthesia, vertigo, tinnitus
Cerebellar: nystagmus, ataxia, dysarthria ( can pronounce things right ), dysphagia( difficulty swallowing)
Emotional: depression
