Neuro Flashcards
Midline defect of vertebral bodies
Spina bifida occulta
Hair patch, dermal sinus
Spina bifida occulta
Spina bifida occulta typically involves what vertebra
L5-S1
Protrusion of the meningeal sac plus cerebral cortex, cerebellum, or brainstem through a midline skull defect called cranium bifidum
Encephalocoele
MC location of encephalocele worldwide
Occipital
MC location of encephalocoele in asians
Nasofrontal
Most common form of dysraphism inv vertebral column
Myelomeningocele
MC location Myelomeningocele
Lumbosacral region
Dysraphism associated with Arnold Chiari syndrome
Myelomeningocele
Most common seizure disorder in childhood
Febrile seizures
Rare before 9 months and after 5 years
EEG for febrile seizure
Normal
Seizure >15 min
Repeats within 24 hrs
+ focal findings post-ictal
Complex febrile seizure
Sudden cessation of motor activity or speech with a blank stare
Absence seizures (petit mal)
EEG of Absence seizures
Typical 3/sec spike with generalized wave discharge
Absence seizures rarely persists more than ___ seconds
3 seconds
DOC for Absence seizure
Ethosuximide
Back up: valproic acid
Neurocutaneous syndrome
Autosomal dominant
Presents as infantile spasms and ash leaf lesions (hypopigmented macules and patches)
Tuberous sclerosis
Brain lesion of Tuberous sclerosis
Tubers
Sebaceous adenoma at 4-6 yp
Shagreen patch at lumbosacral region
Mulberry tumors at the retina
Cardiac rhabdomyomas
Tuberous sclerosis
Facial nevus, seizures, hemiparesis, intracranial calcifications (serpentine or railroad tract appearance)
Sturge weber
Most common type of Cerebral palsy
Spastic
MC acquired chorea of childhood
Sydenham chorea
Symmetric chorea, disappears during sleep.
Sydenham chorea
Sydenham chorea is the only neurologic manifestation of what disease
Rheumatic fever
