Common Teratogens

Question 1

Fetal renal tubular dysplasia and neonatal renal failure, oligohydramnios, IUGR, lack of cranial ossification.

Answer 1

ACEIs

Question 2

growth restriction before and after birth, mental retardation, midfacial hypoplasia, renal and cardiac defects

Answer 2

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Consumption of > 6 drinks per day is associated with a 40% risk of fetal alcohol syndrome.

Question 3

Virilization of female fetuses; advanced genital development in male fetuses.

Answer 3

Androgens

Question 4

Neural tube defects, finge nail hypoplasia, microcephaly, developmental delay, IUGR.

Answer 4

Carbamazepine

Question 5

Bowel atresias; congenital malformations of the heart, limbs, face, and GU tract; microcephaly; IUGR; cerebral infarctions.

Answer 5

Cocaine

Question 6

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina or cervix, vaginal adenosis, abnormalities of the cervix and uterus or testes, possible infertility.

Answer 6

DES

Question 7

↑ SAB rate; stillbirths.

Answer 7

Lead, Methotrexate

Question 8

Congenital heart disease (Ebstein anomaly).

Answer 8

Lithium

Question 9

Cerebral atrophy, microcephaly, mental retardation, spasticity, seizures, blindness.

Answer 9

Organic mercury

Question 10

IUGR, mental retardation, microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, cardiac defects, finge nail hypoplasia.

Answer 10

Fetal Hydantoin syndrome

Phenytoin

Question 11

Microcephaly, mental retardation. Medical diagnostic radiation delivering < 0.05 Gy to the fetus has no teratogenic risk.

Answer 11

Radiation

Question 12

Hearing loss; CN VIII damage.

Answer 12

Streptomycin and kanamycin

Question 13

Permanent yellow-brown discoloration of deciduous teeth; hypoplasia of tooth enamel

Answer 13

Tetracycline

Question 14

Bilateral limb deficiencie , anotia and microtia, cardiac and GI anomalies.

Answer 14

Thalidomide

Question 15

Cleft lip or cleft palate, cardiac defects, microcephaly, mental retardation.

Answer 15

Trimethadione and paramethadione

Question 16

Neural tube defects (spina bifida); minor c aniofacial defects.

Answer 16

Valproic acid

Question 17

↑ SAB rate, microtia, thymic agenesis, cardiovascular defects, craniofacial dysmorphism, microphthalmia, cleft lip or cleft palate, mental retardation.

Answer 17

Vitamin A and derivatives

Question 18

Nasal hypoplasia and stippled bone epiphyses, developmental delay, IUGR, ophthalmologic abnormalities.

Answer 18

Warfarin (wages war on the fetus)

Question 19

Nephrotoxicity

Ototoxicity

Answer 19

Aminoglycosides

Question 20

1st trimester: hypoplastic left heart syndrome, microphthalmia,anophthalmia, clefts and asd

Answer 20

Nitrofurantoin

Question 21

1st trimester: anencephaly, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, choanal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 21

Sulfonamides

Question 22

> 25 weeks aog: yellowish brown discolorarion of deciduous teeth

Answer 22

Tetracyclines

Question 23

Cliverleaf skull, wide nasal bridge, low set ears, micrognathia, limb abnormalities

Answer 23

Methotrexate

Question 24

Irreversible hypothyroidism

Risk of thyroid cancer

Answer 24

Radioiodine

Question 25

Fetal-growth and behavioral abnormalities

Childhood devt delay

Answer 25

Lead

Question 26

Overeatinf of shark, sword fish, king mackerel, tilefish and albacore tuna

Causes disturbamce in neuronal cell division and migration
Devt delay, microcephaly, severe brain damage

Answer 26

Mercury

Question 27

Overeatinf of shark, sword fish, king mackerel, tilefish and albacore tuna

Causes disturbamce in neuronal cell division and migration
Devt delay, microcephaly, severe brain damage

Answer 27

Mercury

Question 28

Most potent teratogen

Answer 28

Isotretinoin