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PLE SEPTEMBER 2018 > Most COMMONS > Flashcards

Most COMMONS Flashcards

1
Q

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

A

Between esophagus and distal third of the trachea

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2
Q

Epithelial tumor of the Salivary Gland

A

Pleomorphic Adenoma

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3
Q

Malignant tumor of Salivary Gland

A

Muciepidermoid Carcinoma

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4
Q

Malignancy of the Parotid gland

A

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

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5
Q

Site of Nasopharynheal CA

A

Fossa of Rossenmuller

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6
Q

Site for lodging of I gested foreign body, particulary, fish bone

A

Pyriform sinuse

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7
Q

Esophageal diverticula

A

Zenker’s diverticula

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8
Q

Benign tumor of esophagus

A

Leiomyoma

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9
Q

Malignancy of esophagus

A

Squamous cell CA

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10
Q

Rectus sheath hematoma

  1. Cause
  2. Site
A
  1. Trauma, rupture of Inferior Epigastric VEIN

2. Right side, below the umbilicus

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11
Q

Most commonly fractured bone in the body

A

Clavicle

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12
Q

Humeral fracture site

A

Surgical neck

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13
Q

MC affected structure in Inflammation of Rotator Cuff

A

Tendon of Supraspinatus Muscle

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14
Q

MCC of Congenital Hypothyroidism

A

Thyroid Dysgenesis

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15
Q

MCC of CAH

A

Deficiency of 21-hydroxylase enzyme

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16
Q

MC Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

A

Bochdalek Hernia (posterolatetal defect)

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17
Q

MC Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

A

Bochdalek Hernia (posterolatetal defect)

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18
Q

Most common reason for hemolysis in newborn

A

ABO incompatibility

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19
Q

MC short-limb dwarfism

A

Achondroplasia/Hypochondroplasia

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20
Q

MC short-limb dwarfism

A

Achondroplasia/Hypochondroplasia

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21
Q

Most common congenital anomaly associated with CHARGE syndrome

A

Choanal Atresia

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22
Q

MCC for Common Colds

A

Rhinovirus

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23
Q

MCC Croup

A

Parainfluenza virus

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24
Q

MCC Epiglottitis

A

H. Influenza (unvaccinated)

Streptococcus (vaccinated)

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25
Q

Acute Infectious Laryngitis

A

Viral

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26
Q

MCC Spasmodic Croup

A

Allergic

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27
Q

MCC Bacterial Tracheitis

A

S. Aureus

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28
Q

MC aspirated food

A

Peanuts

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29
Q

MCC death in food aspiration

A

Hotdogs and Bread

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30
Q

MCC pneumonia in <28 days old

A

GBS, E. Coli, Listeria, Hib, S. Pneumoniae

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31
Q

MCC pneumonia 3 weeks to 3 months old

A

RSV

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32
Q

MC esophageal disorder in children of all ages

A

GERD

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33
Q

MC foreign body ingestion in children

A

Coins

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34
Q

MC foreign body ingestion in adolescents

A

Meat or food impactions

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35
Q

MCC non-bilious vomiting

A

Pyloric stenosis

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36
Q

MC form of Volvulus

A

Signoid Volvulus

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37
Q

MC type of Malrotation

A

Fialure of cecum to move into the RLQ

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38
Q

MCC intestinal obstruction in neonates

A

Hirschprung disease

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39
Q

MCC intestinal obstruction in children between 3 months to 6 yo

A

Intussusception

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40
Q

Sausage shaped mass in RUQ associated with Currant jelly stools

A

Instussusception

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41
Q

MC location of Hirschprung Disease

A

Rectosigmoid (80%)

42
Q

MC nephritic syndrome in Children

A

PSGN

43
Q

MC systemic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients with leukemia

A

Candidiasis

44
Q

MC long term sequelae of bacterial meni meningitis in children

A

Hearing loss

45
Q

MC acute renal failure in children

A

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

46
Q

Most common nephrotic syndrome in children

A

Minimal change disease (steroid sensitive)

47
Q

MC chronic glomerular disease worldwide

A

IgA Nephropathy (Berger Disease)

48
Q

MC hereditary human kidney disease

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (adult type)

49
Q

Most common serious bacterial infection in population younger than 2 years old

A

Pyelonephritis

50
Q

Most common form of HUS is due to

A

Toxin-producing E. Coli

51
Q

MC palpable abdominal mass in the newborn

A

Hydronephrosis

52
Q

MCC of severe obstructive uropathy, especially seen in boys. (Pedia)

A

Posterior urethral valves

53
Q

MC congenital pancytopenia

A

Fanconi syndrome

54
Q

MCC of Cyanotic Heart Disease in Newborn

A

TGA

55
Q

MCC of Cyanotic Headt Disease in Infants and Children

A

TOF

56
Q

The most common skin disorder of infancy

A

Diaper Dermatitis

57
Q

The most commonly used standards of Skeletal Maturation

A

Gruelich and Pyle

58
Q

Psychosomatic illness – The most common conversion symptom.

A

Pseudoseizures

59
Q

The most common cause of daytime enuresis in the preschool child

A

Micturition deferral

60
Q

Anxiety Disorders – Obsessive-compulsive disorder: The most common compulsions are

A

Handwashing, continual checking of locks, and touching.

61
Q

Handwashing, continual checking of locks, and touching.

A

Dyslexia

62
Q

The most common cause of underweight in infancy and may account for > ½ of the cases of FTT.

A

Nutritional neglect

63
Q

This is the most common inborn error of methionine metabolism

A

Homocytinuria due to cystathionine synthase deficiency (Homocystinuria Type I, Classic Homocystinuria)

64
Q

This is probably the most common of all urea cycle disorders.

A

Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) Deficiency

65
Q

The most common B-cell defect

A

Selective IgA deficiency

66
Q

The most common malignancy of childhood, and approximately 70% of cases cured by conventional chemotherapy.

A

ALL

67
Q

The most common malignancy of childhood, and approximately 70% of cases cured by conventional chemotherapy.

A

Neuroblastoma

68
Q

It is the most common cause of nonthrombocytopenic purpura in children

A

HSP

69
Q

The most common (commonest) cause of traveler’s diarrhea

A

Enterotoxigenic E. Coli

70
Q

The most common bacterial cause of nosocomial diarrhea

A

C. Difficile

71
Q

The most common bacterial cause of nosocomial diarrhea

A

Infection

72
Q

In osteomyelitis, is the most common infecting organism in all age groups, including newborns

A

S. Aures

73
Q

The most common cause of non-bilous vomiting

A

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

74
Q

The most frequent congenital GI anomaly, occurring in 2-3% of all infants

A

Meckel Diverticulum

75
Q

The most common cause of lower intestinal obstruction in neonates

A

Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon (Hirschsprung Disease)

76
Q

The most common cause of intestinal obstruction between 3 mos. and 6 yr. of age

A

Intussusception

77
Q

The most common condition requiring emergency abdominal operation in childhood.

A

Acute appendicitis

78
Q

The most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract in children

A

Lymphoma

79
Q

The most common inguinal hernia in children is

A

Indirect Inguinal hernia

80
Q

The most common cause is neonatal endotracheal intubation

A

Chronic Subglottic Stenosis

81
Q

The most common tumor of the larynx in childhood; it rarely becomes malignant and often disappear after puberty

A

Papilloma

82
Q

The most common form of ASD and is associated with structurally normal atrioventricular (AV) valves

A

Ostium Secundum Defect

83
Q

The most common cardiac malformation, accounting for 25% of congenital heart disease

A

VSD

84
Q

The most common benign cardiac tumors in children are

A

Myxoma

85
Q

The most common hereditary bleeding disorder

A

Von Willebrand disease

86
Q

The most commonly recognized cutaneous marker of tuberous sclerosis.

A

Adenoma sebaceum

87
Q

Otitis Externa: External otitis (swimmer’s ear) is most commonly caused by

A

P. aeruginosa

88
Q

The most common primary malignant intraocular tumor of childhood.

A

Retinoblastoma

89
Q

The most common genetically determined neuropathy

A

Peroneal Muscular Atrophy (Charcot-MarieTooth Disease; HMSN Type I)

90
Q

The most common hereditary neuromuscular disease affecting all races and ethnic grp.

A

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

91
Q

The most common acquired chorea of childhood and is the sole neurologic manifestation of rheumatic fever

A

Sydenham chorea

92
Q

The most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism is

A

Lymphocytic thyroiditis

93
Q

The most common cause of testicular pain in boys 12 yr

A

Testicular (spermatic cord) Torsion

94
Q

The most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

95
Q

The most common solid tumor of children outside of the CNS

A

Neuroblastoma (NB)

96
Q

MC skeletal dysplasia

A

Achondroplasia

97
Q

Major cause of Dwarfism

A

Achondroplasia

98
Q

MC lethal form of dwarfism

A

Thanatophoric dysplasia

99
Q

MC inherited d/o of CT

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

100
Q

MC skeletal malignancy

A

Metastases

101
Q

MC intraosseos cartilage tumor

A

Chondroma

102
Q

MC form of arthritis

A

Osteoarthritis

PLE SEPTEMBER 2018 (26 decks)

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