Neural Stem Cells (7)

Question 1

The following cannot be produced from the differentiation of neural stem cells:

a. Glia
b. Neurons
c. Hepatocytes
d. Oligodendrocytes

Answer 1

c. Hepatocytes

Question 2

Which substrate is matched correctly with the type of neural cell it encourages the development of?

a. Fibronectin encourages growth of astrocytes and neurons
b. Laminin encourages growth of neurons and oligodendorcytes
c. Fibronectin encourages growth of neurons
d. Fibronectin encourages growth of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes

Answer 2

d. Fibronectin encourages growth of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes

Question 3

What factors can allow neural stem cells to be maintened in culture?

a. Neural basal media, bFGF and EGF
b. Neural basal media, BMP and Noggin
c. Neural basal media, Sox2 and Oct4
d. Neural basal media, Ectodermin and Retinoic Acid

Answer 3

a. Neural basal media, bFGF and EGF

Question 4

How can neural progenitor cells be induced?

a. Through removing Dickkopf, FGF2 and Retinoic Acid from the culture medium
b. By adding noggin to block BMP and subsequent development of extra embryonic endoderm
c. By adding Pax6, Sox1/2/3, Nestin, CD133 to drive expression of neural cells
d. By removing shh from Ventral GAD67+ neurons

Answer 4

b. By adding noggin to block BMP and subsequent development of extra embryonic endoderm

Question 5

What is not a feature of the ventricular zone of the neural tube?

a. Extensive levels of asymmetric division
b. Absent in the adult nervous system
c. One cell layer thickness
d. Symmetric division of neuroepithelial cells (foetal neural stem cells)

Answer 5

a. Extensive levels of asymmetric division

Question 6

What is false about the subventricular zone and corticogenesis?

a. Neuroepithelial cells can give rise to radial glial cells, neuroblasts and intermediate progenitor cells
b. The stem cell niche involves progenitor and niche cells, basal lamina, axons and blood vessels
c. B cells are transit amplifying cells that give rise to A cells
d. The SVZ astrocyte (B) gives rise to transit amplifying cells (C) which then give rise to neuroblasts (A)

Answer 6

c. B cells are transit amplifying cells that give rise to A cells (neuroblast)

Question 7

What is not a challenge of stem cells?

a. They are difficult to isolate, but easy to purify when they are
b. In vivo integration, migration and function
c. Their ability to survive or integrate
d. Will they be tumorgenic

Answer 7

a. They difficult to isolate, but easy to purify when they are

Question 8

• Excess self-renewal can lead to tumours and excess differentiation and lead to the loss of stem cells.

Answer 8

T

Question 9

• The neuroblast contains a heterogeneous population of neural stem cells and progenitor cell types.

Answer 9

F (neurospehere)

Question 10

• Neural stem cells give rise to the most anterior regions first.

Answer 10

T

Question 11

• The addition of Shh encourages the development of ventral posterior cell types.

Answer 11

T

Question 12

• Neuroblasts migrate from the SVZ along rostral migratory stream to olfactory bulb where they differentiate into neurons.

Answer 12

T

Question 13

• Transit amplifying cells are called D cells in the SVZ and C cells in the SGV.

Answer 13

F

Question 14

• Progenitor cells can retain the ability to return to stem cells or act as stem cells when required (e.g. tissue regeneration).

Answer 14

T

Question 15

• Adult stem cells are resistant to aging because self-renewal factors from neighbouring cells in the niche increase over time.

Answer 15

F