Neural Plasticity Flashcards
The capacity for organization and adaptation of neural networks is what we call
Plasticity
How do change the brain
Re-route highways ( build more dendritic connections)
Resurface highways (build more myelin)
Build more connections (force more dendrites)
Synaptic pruning (disconnect what you don’t need or use)
Developing brains have a greater capacity for plasticity than
Adult brains
We rely on plasticity as we grow, learn, and develop, to create efficient networks. As develop
Progress thru windows of opportunity
Well connected and developed neurons might have up to
1000 dendrites, all sharing and conveying information
Dysfunction or damage to one type of neuron papers to simply allow other neurons the opportunity to
Adapt and assume the functions of the damaged/dead neurons
Plasticity
Mechanism by which the brain encodes experience and learns new behaviors
Neurons possess the remarkable ability to alter their structure and function in response
To a variety of internal and external pressures, including behavioral training
Mechanism by which the damaged brain relearns
Lost behavior in response to rehabilitation
Plasticity is experience…
Dependent
Principles govern both the
Intact and damaged brain
Use it or lose it
Lack of stimulation leads to degradation of connections
Use it and improve it
Train specific brain functions
Results in improvement of connections, efficiency
Be specific
Must have specific training
Repetition matters
Nothing will change without sufficient frequency of repetitions
Intensity matters
Nothing will change without sufficient intensity of the repetitions
If too easy not creating anything new
Time matters
Different kinds of plasticity occur during different phases of learning or rehab
Everyday for hours
Salience matters
Training and repetitions must be sufficiently salient (relevant) to cause Change
Age matters
More plasticity occurs in younger brains
Transference
Plasticity in response to one type of training can influence plasticity in other, similar types of behaviors
Neurons branch out
Interfernce
Plasticity in response to one type of training can also interfere with the plasticity of acquiring other behaviors
Constraint induced therapy
Require that patient only use verbal expression- no facial/draw/write/point/ put a barrier between you and client
Constantly stimulating and firing those neural networks
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Magnetic stimulate- to activate neurons
Deep brain stimulation
Surgically implantation of electrodes to specific neurons and cell bodies- to replace what can’t happen anymore
Hyperbaric oxygen chambers
Intensive delivery oh high oxygenated air early on in injury to minimize impact of hypoxia and anoxia
