Neumonia Flashcards

1
Q

Es la ocupación del espacio alveolar por exudado inflamatorio secundario a un proceso infeccioso

A

Neumonías

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2
Q

Epidemiología

A

5ta causa de muerte en <1 año
4ta causa de muerte en <5 años

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3
Q

Factores de riesgo

A

No lactancia materna
Desnutrición
Tabaquismo
Bajo paso al nacer
Hacinamineto
Anti vacunas
Guarderias

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4
Q

Virus frecuentes de neumonías

A

VSR, parainfluenza y adenovirus

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5
Q

Bacterias frecuentes de neumonías

A

Neumococo, hib, estafilococo y estreptococo

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6
Q

Agentes etiologicos atípicos de neumonia

A

Mycoplasma y Chlamydia

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7
Q

Es la principal vía de entrada

A

Respiratoria

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8
Q

Taquipnea

A

0-2 meses: > 60 resp
>5 años: >20 resp

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9
Q

Estertores crepitantes bilaterales y disminuidos

A

Bronconeumonía

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10
Q

Estertores crepitantes transitorios

A

Neumonía intersticial

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11
Q

Matidez, dism de la transmisión de la voz y del murmullo vesicular

A

Sindrome de derrame pleural

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12
Q

Tratamiento de neumonía viral

A

Soporte, hidratación y oxigeno
Antivirales si se sospecha de influenza

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13
Q

Complicaciones de una neumonía bacteriana

A

Empiema, derrame pleural, absceso pulmonar, neumoatocele

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14
Q

Tratamiento de neumonia neumocócica

A

Penicilina G 50-100,000 U/kg/dia c/4-6 horas

Amoxicilina 80 mg/kg

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15
Q

Tx en nuemonia atipica

A

Macrolidos: eritromicina, claritromicina o azitromicina

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