Nervous Tissue

Question 1

______ are considered processes that can generate and conduct action potentials

Answer 1

Axon (nerve fibre) carry’s signals to & from a cell body

Question 2

The part of the cell that receives signals is called the:

Answer 2

Dendrites

Question 3

A multipolar neurons, (one axon with two or more dendrites) would normally be a:

A) motor neuron (efferent)

B) sensory neuron (afferent)

Answer 3

A) motor neuron (efferent), also interneurons

Multipolar neurons are Found as most of the neurons in the CNS and as the motor neurons and in PNS

Question 4

Bipolar neurons and pseudounipolar neurons are both normally classified as sensory neurons (afferent) but what is their individual locations and functions

Answer 4

Bipolar neurons-> special sense organs in the PNS (retina and olefactory epithelium) —>one axon one dendrite

pseudounipolar neurons-> sensory neurons in the PNS associated with touch, pain, and vibration sensations—> single short process that splits into two axons (no dendrites)

Question 5

What are the main functions of neuroglial cells?

Answer 5

Help neurons by gluing them together (glia=glue)

• protecting
• maintaining surrounding environment
• assisting in proper functions
• fill in in the gaps when neurons die

Question 6

In the CNS, ______ anchor neurons & blood vessels, regulate brains extra cellular environment, help form blood brain barrier, & repair damaged tissue

Answer 6

Astrocytes

Question 7

In the CNS ________ cells help to form, circulate and monitor the composition of Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 7

Ependymal cells

Question 8

_________ have radiating processes with flattened ends that wrap around the axons of some neurons in the CNS, forming Myelin

A) satellite cells

B) Oligodendrocytes

C) Schwann cells

D) Microglia cells

Answer 8

B) Oligodendrocytes

Question 9

________ ____ encase axons in the PNS, wrap around some to create myelin sheath and help repair damaged axons

A) satellite cells

B) Oligodendrocytes

C) Schwann cells

D) Microglia cells

Answer 9

C) Schwann cells

Question 10

________ _____ surround and support cell bodies, & regulate the extra cellular environment (similar to astrocytes)

A) satellite cells

B) Oligodendrocytes

C) Schwann cells

D) Microglia cells

Answer 10

A) satellite cells

Question 11

_____ is what we call a segment of the axon that is myalinated, while ___ __ ____ is what we call the unmylinated areas of the axon in between those segments

Answer 11

Internode; nodes of ranvier

Question 12

_________ is the difference in voltage across sides of a plasma membrane of a cell at rest

Answer 12

Resting membrane potential

(Cell is negative in respect to its extracellular environment

Question 13

______-______ channels open in response to a certain chemical, called a ligand, binding to the channel or to a receptor associated with the channel

Answer 13

Ligand-gated channel

Question 14

______-______ channels open Or close in response to changes in the cells membrane potential

Answer 14

Voltage gated channels

Question 15

______-______ channels open or close in response to mechanical stimulation such as stretch, pressure and vibration

Answer 15

Mechanically-gated channels

Question 16

A gain of positive charges makes the inside of a cell less negative, causing _______

Answer 16

Depolarization

Question 17

A loss of positive charges, or a gain in negative charges makes the inside of the cell more negative, causing ____________

Answer 17

Hyperpolarization

Question 18

true or false:

Excitatory neurotransmitters polarize the post-synaptic neuron, making it more positive, bringing it closer to threshold to make an action potential happen.

Answer 18

False

True is: Excitatory neurotransmitters DEPOLARIZE the post-synaptic neuron, making it more positive, bringing it closer to threshold to make an action potential happen

Question 19

________ neurotransmitters hyperpolarizes the post-synaptic neuron, making it more negative bringing it further from threshold to make an action potential harder to happen.

Answer 19

Inhibitory neurotransmitters

Question 20

An ________ is a brief depolarization in a neuron

Answer 20

Action potential

Question 21

A ______ is the meeting point between two neurons

Answer 21

Synapse

Question 22

What type of cells make up nervous tissue?

Answer 22

Neurons (send & receive messages)

Neuroglial cells ( preforms supporting functions)