Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What is CN 1
Olefactory nerve- the nerve for smell
What us CN II
Optic nerve- nerve for vision-> transmits visual stimuli
What is CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear nerve-> actually 2 nerves
Vestibular-> balance + equilibrium
Cochlear> the sense of hearing
What is CN III?
Oculomotor nerve
What is CN IV
Trochlear nerve
What is CN VI
Abducens nerve
What is CN XI
Accessory nerve
What is CN XII
Hypoglossal nerve
What is CN V
Trigeminal nerve
What is CN VII
Facial nerve
What is CN IX
Glossopharyngeal nerve
What is CN X
Vagus nerve
What is the Roman numeral for Olefactory nerve
CN I
What is the Roman numeral for Optic nerve
CN II
What is the Roman numeral for vestibulocochlear nerve
CN VIII
What is the Roman numeral for the oculomotor nerve
CN III
What is the Roman numeral for Trochlear nerve
CN IV
What is the Roman numeral for the Abducens nerve
CN VI
What is the Roman numeral for the accessory nerve
CN XI
What is the Roman numeral for Trigeminal nerve
CN V
What is the Roman numeral for Hypoglossal nerve
CN XII
What is the Roman numeral for Facial nerve
CN VII
What is the Roman numeral for the glossopharyngeal nerve
CN IX
What is the Roman numeral for the vagus nerve
CN X
What is the function of CN 1
Olefactory nerve-> cribiform plate of ethmoid bone-> nerve endings contain chemoreceptors which depolarize in response to chemicals in air breathed, the impulses are sent to the primary olfactory cortex in temporal lobe
What is the function of CN II
Optic nerve-> this nerve is for vision, pathway; optic nerve-> optic chiasma (decussate)-> primary visual cortex in occipital lobe
What is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve?
CN VIII-> two separate nerves vestibular & cochlear
Cochlear -> depolarize in response to sound waves
-> hearing
Vestibular-> depolarizes in response to body position
-> balance and position
What is the function of the oculomotor nerve?
CN III-> controls extrinsic and smooth muscles of the eye
Has both somatic and visceral motor neurons
Somatic:
Moves eyeball (controls 4 of 6 of the muscles)
Opens eye
Visceral/Parasympathetic:
Constriction of pupil
Changing of Lens shape
What is the function of CN IV
Trochlear nerve: moves the eyes medially & inferiorly by innervating the superior oblique muscle
What is the function of the abducens nerve?
CN VI-> Turns eye laterally-> innervates the lateral rectus
What is the function of CN V
Trigeminal nerve-> spilts into 3 branches at the Trigeminal ganglion
- > opthalimic-> sensory function for forehead/nose (no motor function)
- > maxillary-> sensory function over middle of face
- > mandibular-> sensory function of chin and lateral parts of face-> motor axons innervate muscles of mastication (chewing) the temporalis and masseter
What is the function of CN VII, what are the 5 branches?
Facial nerve-> sensory and motor (mixed)
Motor: muscles of facial expression controlled by 5 branches
-> temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical nerves
Sensory: taste from anterior 2/3 of tounge (chemoreceptors)
Parasympathetic: stimulation produces fluid: tears, saliva (submandibular gland, sublingual glands, lacrimal glands)
What is the function of CN IX
Glossopharyngeal nerve-> sensory and Motor & parasympathetic
Motor: controls muscles responsible for swallowing movements
Parasympathetic: trigger salivation from the salivary gland called the parotid gland
Sensory: supplies pharynx and back 1/3 of the tounge
What cranial nerves are responsible for our ability to taste
CN IX-> glossopharyngeal nerve & CN VII-> facial nerve
CN X- vagus nerve (taste sensation in pharynx)
What is the function of the vagus nerve?
CN X-> main parasympathetic nerve-> innervates with throat and anterior neck as well as nearly all the thoracic & abdominal viscera
Sensory neurons & motor neurons both somatic and visceral
What is the function of CN XI
The accessory nerve-> motor nerves-> 2 portions-> cranial & spinal
Cranial-> accompanies CN X/vagus and intervates certain muscles of larynx-> muscles of speech
Spinal: controls sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve
CN XII Intervates the muscles of the tounge (no taste sensation)
What cranial nerves are sensory?
I, II, VIII (1,2,8)
Olefactory, optic, vestibulocochlear
Which of the cranial nerves are motor nerves?
III, IV, VI, XI, XII (3,4,6,11,12)
Oculomotor nerve , trochlear, abducens, accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve
Which of the cranial nerves are mixed?
V, VII, IX, X
Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus nerve
What CN’s are innervated by the Parasympathetic nervous system
vagus-> viscera
facial-> salivary, mucus, tear glands
glossopharyngeal-> salivation (salty/acidic foods)
oculomotor-> constrict eyes/ change lens shape
What CN(s) would be affected for each?
A) complete lost of taste sensation
B) inability to move the tounge
C) inability to move eyes in any direction
D) loss of balance and equilibrium
E) inability to close the jaw
A) VII & IX (facial and glossopharyngeal nerve)
B) XII -> Hypoglossal nerve
C) CN III, CN IV, CN VI
D) CN VIII-> vestibular portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve
E) CN V-> trigeminal nerve
