Nervous System Test Flashcards
part of a neuron that contains cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles
cell body
responsive structures outside the nervous system
effectors
electrochemical change around a nerve
nerve impulse
specialized masses of nervous tissue outside the central nervous system
ganglia
specialized masses of nervous tissue that supports and insulates rather than conducting impulses
neurological cells
nerve cell
neuron
biochemical released by an axon
neurotransmitter
electrically charged
polarized
automatic responses to stimuli within or outside the body
reflex
neurological cells that wrap tightly around the axon
schwann cells
the junction between 2 communicating neurons
synapse
gap between neurons
synaptic cleft
the 2 systems that make up the nervous system
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
the 3 functions of the nervous system
sensory function, integrative function, and motor function
detect changes inside and outside the body; converts info into nerve impulses
sensory function
nerve impulses are brought together to make sensations that are added to memory / perceptions
integrative function
nerve impulses are brought from central nervous system to the effectors
motor function
the 3 groups of neurons based on their functional differences
sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons
send impulses from body parts to the brain / spinal cord
sensory neurons
direct sensory impulses to be processed and interpreted
interneurons
send impulses out of the brain / spinal cord to the effectors
motor neurons
the 5 neurotransmitters
acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and nitric oxide
slows heart and is responsible for muscle contraction
acetylcholine
causes behavioral arousal
norepinephrine
