Nervous System Test

Question 1

part of a neuron that contains cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles

Answer 1

cell body

Question 2

responsive structures outside the nervous system

Answer 2

effectors

Question 3

electrochemical change around a nerve

Answer 3

nerve impulse

Question 4

specialized masses of nervous tissue outside the central nervous system

Answer 4

ganglia

Question 5

specialized masses of nervous tissue that supports and insulates rather than conducting impulses

Answer 5

neurological cells

Question 6

nerve cell

Answer 6

neuron

Question 7

biochemical released by an axon

Answer 7

neurotransmitter

Question 8

electrically charged

Answer 8

polarized

Question 9

automatic responses to stimuli within or outside the body

Answer 9

reflex

Question 10

neurological cells that wrap tightly around the axon

Answer 10

schwann cells

Question 11

the junction between 2 communicating neurons

Answer 11

synapse

Question 12

gap between neurons

Answer 12

synaptic cleft

Question 13

the 2 systems that make up the nervous system

Answer 13

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Question 14

the 3 functions of the nervous system

Answer 14

sensory function, integrative function, and motor function

Question 15

detect changes inside and outside the body; converts info into nerve impulses

Answer 15

sensory function

Question 16

nerve impulses are brought together to make sensations that are added to memory / perceptions

Answer 16

integrative function

Question 17

nerve impulses are brought from central nervous system to the effectors

Answer 17

motor function

Question 18

the 3 groups of neurons based on their functional differences

Answer 18

sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons

Question 19

send impulses from body parts to the brain / spinal cord

Answer 19

sensory neurons

Question 20

direct sensory impulses to be processed and interpreted

Answer 20

interneurons

Question 21

send impulses out of the brain / spinal cord to the effectors

Answer 21

motor neurons

Question 22

the 5 neurotransmitters

Answer 22

acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and nitric oxide

Question 23

slows heart and is responsible for muscle contraction

Answer 23

acetylcholine

Question 24

causes behavioral arousal

Answer 24

norepinephrine

Question 25

coordination of movement

Answer 25

dopamine

Question 26

regulation of mood

Answer 26

serotonin

Question 27

dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow to organs

Answer 27

nitric oxide

Question 28

parts of reflex arcs in order

Answer 28

receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

Question 29

4 examples of automatic responses by reflexes

Answer 29

knee-jerk, achilles, biceps, and gag reflexes

Question 30

what is the purpose of the knee-jerk reflex

Answer 30

to help maintain upright posture

Question 31

what is the purpose of the withdrawal reflex

Answer 31

to limit the amount of damage done to the body

Question 32

stay polarized (+ outside, - inside)

Answer 32

resting potential

Question 33

the electrochemical change around the nerve that causes the nerve impulse (+ inside, - outside)

Answer 33

action potential