Nervous System (MIDTERM) Flashcards
Anatomy
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Is found in the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Is found in the rest of the body nerves that is not apart of CNS
Functions of the nervous system ( three functions)
Sensory, Integrative, Motor
Sensory
( FUNCTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM )
Nerves gather info. inside the body and from the outside environment
Integrative
( FUNCTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM )
Sensory info. brought to the CNS to be understood
Motor
( FUNCTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM )
Conveys info. from the CNS towards the muscles and glands of the body
Cells of the nervous system ( 2 cells )
Neuroglia ( Glial ) and the Neurons
Neuroglia ( Glial ) cell
Most abundant type
Support, protect, insulate, and nourish cells
Neurons
basic cells
Communicating for the nervous system
Types of Neuroglial cells assistant
Astrocytes
Ependymal
Microglia
Oligodendrocytes
( all found in the CNS )
Astrocytes cells
( apart of the Glial )
-Star shaped cells
-assist with the blood brain barrier
-assisting withe scar tissue in the brain
in CNS
Blood-Brain Barrier
( apart of the Astrocytes cells )
Prevents toxic or disease substances in the blood from entering the nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord
Ependymal cells
( apart of the Glial )
Lines the lateral ventricles of the brain and form the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) in CNS
Cerebrospinal Fluid
( apart of the Ependymal cell )
- Fluid flowing down in the spinal
- made of nutrients that our body needs
- water sugars , proteins, electrolytes
-protective mechanism for the brain - protein that helps with the immune system
CNS
Microglia
( apart of glial )
eat and dispose of specific substances in the brain
Phagocytic in CNS
Oligodendrocytes
( apart of the Glial )
form the myelin in CNS
Myelin
( Apart of the Glial )
lipid \ protein that surrounds your axon for fast ( fast conduction ) communication in CNS
Schwann cells
form myelin location is in PNS
Neuron parts ( 3 )
cell body
dendrites
axon
Dendrites
branched or receiving info.
Axon
carry info. away
Parts of Axon
Neurilemma
Myelin sheath
Nodes of Ranvier
Axon Terminal
Neurilemma
(Part of the Axon )
specialize membrane
assist with myelin productions in PNS
Nods of Ranvier
(Part of the Axon )
gaps between the axon and the myelin
generates electric impulses along the axon
fast impulses
Myelin sheath
( Part of the Axon )
fatty layer insulated with the Ranvier substance
Axon Terminal
The end of a axon
terminal end
3 Types of neurons
Sensory Neurons
Motor Neurons
Interneurons
Sensory Neuron
( afferent \ towards ) carry info. from Periphery to CNS
BODY TO BRAIN
Motor Neuron
( efferent \ away ) carry info. from CNS to Periphery
BRAIN TO BODY
Interneurons
In CNS only
connect sensory and motor neurons
Matter in the brain ( 2 )
White matter tissue
Gray matter tissue
White matter
primarily full of myelinated axons for communication
( sending info. )
Gray Matter
Unmyelinated axons
made up of lots of interneurons between the motor and sensory
( Processing, assisting with what’s going on in the brain )
Nerve Impulses
Electrical signals
action potential
move with sensory or motor neurons
