Nervous system/ brain/reflexes Flashcards
What does the nervous system do?
It detects and reacts to stimuli
What makes up the central nervous system?
The brain and the spinal chord
What are sensory neurones?
Neurones that carry impulses from receptors to the CNS
What are motor neurones?
Neurones that carry impulses from the CNS to the effectors
What are effectors?
Muscles and glands which respond to your nervous system
3 types of receptors
Taste, Sound, Light
How do muscle effectors respond to impulses?
They contract
How do glands effectors respond to impulses?
They secrete hormones
The Central Nervous System ? the response
The Central Nervous System coordinates the response
What are neurones?
They carry electrical impulses and information to and from the brain
what’s the connection between two neurones called?
Synapses
What happens when impulses reach the end of neurones?
They release chemicals which transferer the signal across the gap between neurones
What are reflexes?
Rapid, automatic responses to certain stimuli that don’t involve the conscious part of the part
What’s the order of the reflex ark?
Stimulus
Receptor
Coordination centre (CNS)
Effectors
Response
The brain is responsible for ? behaviours
The brain is responsible for complex behaviours
What are the 5 parts of the brain?
cerebral cortex
Medulla
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
What does the Cerebral cortex control?
Consciousness
Language
Intelligence
Senses
Memory
What does the medulla control?
The unconscious activity:
Breathing
Heartbeat
What does the cerebellum control?
muscle coordination
balance
What does the hypothalamus control?
Body tempurature
What does the Pituitary do?
It secretes hormones:
Eg: ADH, FSH
What are the three types of brain scans?
MRI
CT
EEG
How does a MRI scan work?
They use strong magnetic fields and radio waves
How doe CT scans work?
They use x-rays
.Uses ionising radiation
Advantages of MRI
Disadvantages of MRI
Advantages:
.Non- invasive
.Safe for pregnant woman and babies as there’s no ionising radiation
.Safer than CT scans
Disadvantages:
.Scan is noisy
.Claus trophic
Advantages of CT scans
Disadvantages of CT scans
Advantages:
.Quicker than MRI scans
.Very accurate diagnosis of a vast array of conditions
Disadvantages:
.Uses ionising radiation
(cancer risks)
Advantages of EEG scans
Disadvantages of EEG scans
Advantages:
.No electricity is put in the body, so it is very safe
.Can detect epilepsy, fits and memory problems
.Direct feedback from patient
Disadvantages:
.Can’t be used to detect cancer
.Need trained experts
.Risk of brain damage
