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Biology > Heart and circulatory system > Flashcards

Heart and circulatory system Flashcards

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1
Q

What are blood vessles?

A

Tubes that carry blood around the body

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2
Q

How many types of blood vessels are there?

A

Three

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3
Q

What do veins do?

A

Carry blood back INTO the heart

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4
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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5
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

Carries blood to and from the bodies cells

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6
Q

What is double closed circulation?

A

Blood goes through the heart twice per circuit
1)To the lungs to pick up oxygen
2) Back to the heart for a pressure boost

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7
Q

What’s an electrical pacemaker?

A

A medical device that generates electrical pulses to one or more of the chambers of the heart.
They can also help someone’s heart beat in sync

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8
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

A

Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Left atrium

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9
Q

What do valves do?

A

Prevent back flow

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10
Q

Where are valves found?

A

In the veins

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11
Q

What’s osmosis

A

The net movement of particles across a semi permeable membrane

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12
Q

What’s haemoglobin?

A

A red protein found in red blood cells that carry oxygen

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13
Q

Where are pacemaker cells found

A

The right atrium

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14
Q

What do pacemaker cells do?

A

Control the rhythm of the heart

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15
Q

What is an open circulation system?

A

NO blood vessels, blood just flows slowly around the body cavity

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16
Q

What is a closed circulation system?

A

The blood flows in blood vessels

17
Q

Examples of open systems?

A

Fish, insects

18
Q

Are open systems double or singular circulation?

A

singular

19
Q

Examples of a double system

A

Humans

20
Q

What is a double system?

A

The blood flows in two circuits

21
Q

What are the benefits of double circulation?

A

1) The right ventricle isn’t as thick as the left ventricle
2) This means blood is being pumped at a lower pressure to the lungs, this maximises gas exchange
3) Left ventricle is stronger so pumps blood further

22
Q

What’s gas exchange?

A

The delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the blood stream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide to the lungs and out the body

23
Q

Where does gas exchange take place?

A

Alveoli

24
Q

what is oxygenated blood?

A

Blood travelling to the body cells

25
Q

Features of oxygenated blood

A

High oxygen content
Low carbon dioxide content

26
Q

What is deoxygenated blood?

A

Blood travelling away from the bodies cells

27
Q

Features of deoxygenated blood

A

Low oxygen content
High content of carbon dioxide

28
Q

Why are these blood types separated?

A

To maximise efficiency

29
Q

How many stages are there in a heart beat?

A

Three

30
Q

What is stage 1 of a heart beat?

A

It begins with the heart relaxed and the valves closed
Blood flows into the two atria and fill with blood

31
Q

What is stage 2 of a heart beat?

A

Atria contract and squeeze the blood this causes the valves to open
Blood flows from the atria into the ventricles
The valves between the atrium and ventricles close
This prevents backflow

32
Q

What is stage 3 of a heart beat?

A

The ventricles contract squeezing the blood again
The pressure opens the valves
Pushing the blood out the heart

33
Q

What 2 supplies does the heart need?

A

Oxygen
glucose

Biology (11 decks)

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