Diseases Flashcards
What is a protist?
A single celled organism
What are the types of diseases?
Fungal diseases
Protist diseases
Bacterial diseases
Viruses
Example of a protist disease
Malaria
How is malaria spread?
Via a vector, in this case mosquitos
What is a vector?
A vector is something that carries a disease without getting infected themselves
Where is malaria found?
Africa, Asia, and South America
What are the symptoms of malaria?
Fever
Sweats
Chills
Diarrhoea
Vomiting
What kind of drugs prevent malarial infection?
Antimalarial drugs
What’s a fungal disease?
A disease caused by spores growing down into the skin
How do fungal diseases cause infection?
The spores have a body made up of thread-like structures called hyphae
The hyphae can grow and penetrate the surface of plants and animals causing infections
How are fungal disease spread?
The hyphae can produce spores, which can spread the infection to other organisms
Examples of fungal diseases
Athletes foot
Rose black spot
Ring worm
Yeast infections
What is athletes foot?
A rash found between toes
How is athletes foot transmitted
Via physical contact with infected surfaces
What drug is used to treat fungal diseases?
Antifungal drugs
What does rose black spot do?
Reduces the rate of photosynthesis, by discolouring the chloroplast
How is rose black spot transmitted?
Via the air
Its an airborne disease
Methods on how to prevent the spread of disease
Sterilising water
Personal hygiene
Contraception
Food hygiene
Vaccination
What does sterilising water do and how is it done?
.Prevents cholera
.Using chemicals or UV lights kill bacteria
What does good personal hygiene prevent and how is it done?
.Prevents diseases such as athletes foot
.Washing surfaces/body properly
.Washing feet
What does contraception prevent and how does it work?
.Prevents STDs such as HIV and Aids
.Prevents the exchange of bodily fluids
What does good food hygiene prevent and how does it work?
.Prevents salmonella and E.coli
.Cooking food thoroughly and in hygienic conditions
How do vaccinations work?
By ‘teaching’ your immune system to create the specific antibodies and trigger a secondary immune response
Examples of non specific human defence systems
Skin
Mucus/Nose hair
Stomach
Examples of chemical barriers
Tear ducts
sweat
Saliva
Mucus
Breast milk
What does skin do?
Acts as a physical barrier to prevent infection
What does the nose do?
.Internal hairs act as a physical barrier/filter
.Mucus is produced to trap pathogens before they enter the lungs
What does the stomach do?
Produces hydrochloric acid that kills any pathogens
.Acts as a chemical barrier against infection
