Nervous System

Question 1

Label the neuron using the following terms:

Cell body

Dendrite

Axon

Myelin sheath

Node of ranvier

Axon terminals

Answer 1

Also labeled here:

Schwann Cell - produces the myelin sheath

Question 1

The division of the PNS responsible for voluntary control (ex. walking)

Answer 1

Somatic Nervous System

Question 1

The two divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 1

Sympathetic Nervous System

Increases things (breathing, heart rate) in stressful times

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Decreases things (breathing, heart rate) back to normal when stress is over

Question 1

An infection in what structure might cause dizziness?

Answer 1

Semicircular canals

Question 2

Label the four lobes:

Parietal

Occipital

Temporal

Frontal

Answer 2

Question 4

Drugs that increase heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate are called

Answer 4

Stimulants

Question 5

How does a nerve impulse travel?

Answer 5

1. It moves along the axon of a neuron - ELECTRICAL transmission using Na (sodium) and K (potassium); it’s FAST
2. Moves across the synapse - CHEMICAL transmission using Ca (calcium); SLOW

Question 5

The largest part of the brain

Answer 5

Cerebrum

Question 7

The three main parts of the brain

Answer 7

Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Brain Stem

Question 8

Alcohol has simular effects to what type of drug (stimulant or depressant)

Answer 8

Depressant

Question 9

What is the purpose of the folds in the cerebrum?

Answer 9

They increase the surface area of the brain

Question 9

The second largest part of the brain, responsible for coordination and balance

Answer 9

Cerebellum

Question 10

Which of the five senses contains two types of photoreceptors called rods and cones?

Answer 10

Vision

(hint: photoreceptors)

Question 12

The three types of neurons and their functions are

Answer 12

Sensory Neuron - brings impulses IN to the brain and spinal cord

Interneuron - found in brain and spinal cord, where decisions are made

Motor Neuron - carries impulses OUT to muscles and organs

Question 14

Parts of a neuron are

Answer 14

Cell body - largest part (contains nucleus)

Dendrites - receives impulses from the stimulus

Axon - carries the impulse away from the cell body

Myelin sheath - covers the axon, keeps in the impulse in the axon

Node of ranvier - places where other neurons can hook on

Axon terminals (buds) - attaches to other neurons, muscle, or organs

Question 15

What are the three parts of the brain stem?

Answer 15

Pons

Medulla Oblongata

Midbrain

Question 16

The GAP between the axon terminal and another cell

Answer 16

Synapse

Question 17

The division of the PNS responsible for involutary control (ex. heart beat, breathing)

Answer 17

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 18

The function of the Nervous system is to

Answer 18

Relay messages Process and analyze information

Question 20

What is the cerebrum responsible for?

Answer 20

Voluntary actions, intelligence, and personality

Question 21

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 21

CNS - Central Nervous System

• includes the brain and the spinal cord

PNS - Peripheral Nervous System

• connects the nervous system to the body and sensory organs

includes the Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System

Question 22

The main type of cell in the nervous system is a

Answer 22

Neuron

Question 23

Neurons are classified by

Answer 23

The direction in which they carry impulses

Question 24

What are the different lobes in the cerebrum and their function?

Answer 24

Frontal Lobe - personality

Temporal Lobe - hearing

Parietal Lobe - touch/movement

Occipital Lobe - sight

Question 25

Drugs that decrease heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure

Answer 25

Depressants

Question 26

Connects the brain to the spinal cord

Controls blood pressure, heart, breathing, and swallowing

Answer 26

Brain stem

Question 27

Chemicals used to send the impulse across the synapse

Answer 27

Neurotransmitter

Ex. calcium