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Biology 201 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Very small vessels, only one red blood cell can pass through at a time

Walls are only one cell thick

A

Capillaries

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1
Q

When do white blood cell counts increase?

A

When you have an infection

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2
Q

What is plasma?

A

Straw colored fluid that is 90% water

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3
Q

Gas/waste/food exchange take place in these vessels

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

The circulatory system consists of

A

Heart

Blood Vessels (capillaries, veins, arteries)

Blood

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5
Q

Describe the pathway of blood, starting with the Vena cava

A
  1. Vena cava (largest vein) 2. Right Atrium
  2. Tricuspid valve 4. Right ventricle
  3. Pulmonary valve 6. Lungs
  4. Pulmonary vein 8. Left atrium
  5. Mitral valve 10. Left ventricle
  6. Aortic valve 12. Aorta (largest artery)
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5
Q

Carries blood away from the heart

Thick walled

Has pulse

A

Arteries

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5
Q

Connection between arteries and veins

A

Capillaries

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6
Q

Type of blood cell that transports oxygen

A

Red blood cell

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7
Q

Carries blood toward the heart

Thin walled

Found near skeletal muscles

Have valves to keep blood moving in one direction

A

Veins

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8
Q

The chambers of the heart (in order of blood flow) are:

A

Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle

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8
Q

Iron containing pigment that binds with oxygen

A

Hemoglobin

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10
Q

How much blood do humans have?

A

4 to 6 liters

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11
Q

Produces antibodies to kill pathogens

A

Lymphocytes

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13
Q

What is hypertension?

A

High blood pressure

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15
Q

The protective sack of tissue around the heart

A

Pericardium

17
Q

Produced in red bone marrow

A

Red blood cell

18
Q

What are the three types of blood vessels?

A

Veins

Arteries

Capillaries

19
Q

What are the two types of circulation? How are they different?

A

Pulmonary circulation - blood movement to and from the **lungs **(pulmonary = lungs)

Systemic circulation - blood movement to and from the body

20
Q

Type of cell that eats other (bad) cells

A

Phagocyte

21
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

120/80

22
Q

What is the function of valves?

A

They keep blood flowing in ONE direction (prevent blood from flowing backward)

23
Q

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

A

Transportation of food, waste, oxygen, and carbon dioxide through the body

24
Q

What are platelets?

A

Proteins and other cell fragments that play a role in clotting

25
Q

Describe the composition of blood

A

Blood is made of:

Plasma (55%)

Red Blood Cells (44%)

White Blood Cells and Platelets (1%)

25
Q

How long do red blood cells live? How are they destroyed?

A

120 days

Destroyed by the liver and spleen

26
Q

Layers of heart muscle

A

Myocardium

27
Q

A disease that affects platelets

A

Hemophilia

28
Q

Type of blood cell that is part of the immune system

A

White blood cell

30
Q

What divides the left side of the heart from the right side of the heart and contains nerves that make the heart beat?

A

Septum

31
Q

Hardening of the arteries

Fat builds up on the walls of arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

32
Q

The top number in blood pressure indicates

A

The systolic pressure - the pressure of the ventricles contracting

33
Q

The bottom number in blood pressure indicates what?

A

The diasolic pressure - the pressure of the ventricles relaxing

34
Q

What type of device measures blood pressure?

A

Sphygmomanometer

Biology 201 (12 decks)

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