Circulatory System Flashcards
Very small vessels, only one red blood cell can pass through at a time
Walls are only one cell thick
Capillaries
When do white blood cell counts increase?
When you have an infection
What is plasma?
Straw colored fluid that is 90% water
Gas/waste/food exchange take place in these vessels
Capillaries
The circulatory system consists of
Heart
Blood Vessels (capillaries, veins, arteries)
Blood
Describe the pathway of blood, starting with the Vena cava
- Vena cava (largest vein) 2. Right Atrium
- Tricuspid valve 4. Right ventricle
- Pulmonary valve 6. Lungs
- Pulmonary vein 8. Left atrium
- Mitral valve 10. Left ventricle
- Aortic valve 12. Aorta (largest artery)
Carries blood away from the heart
Thick walled
Has pulse
Arteries
Connection between arteries and veins
Capillaries
Type of blood cell that transports oxygen
Red blood cell
Carries blood toward the heart
Thin walled
Found near skeletal muscles
Have valves to keep blood moving in one direction
Veins
The chambers of the heart (in order of blood flow) are:
Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle
Iron containing pigment that binds with oxygen
Hemoglobin
How much blood do humans have?
4 to 6 liters
Produces antibodies to kill pathogens
Lymphocytes
What is hypertension?
High blood pressure
The protective sack of tissue around the heart
Pericardium
Produced in red bone marrow
Red blood cell
What are the three types of blood vessels?
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
What are the two types of circulation? How are they different?
Pulmonary circulation - blood movement to and from the **lungs **(pulmonary = lungs)
Systemic circulation - blood movement to and from the body
Type of cell that eats other (bad) cells
Phagocyte
Normal blood pressure
120/80
What is the function of valves?
They keep blood flowing in ONE direction (prevent blood from flowing backward)
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
Transportation of food, waste, oxygen, and carbon dioxide through the body
What are platelets?
Proteins and other cell fragments that play a role in clotting
Describe the composition of blood
Blood is made of:
Plasma (55%)
Red Blood Cells (44%)
White Blood Cells and Platelets (1%)
How long do red blood cells live? How are they destroyed?
120 days
Destroyed by the liver and spleen
Layers of heart muscle
Myocardium
A disease that affects platelets
Hemophilia
Type of blood cell that is part of the immune system
White blood cell
What divides the left side of the heart from the right side of the heart and contains nerves that make the heart beat?
Septum
Hardening of the arteries
Fat builds up on the walls of arteries
Atherosclerosis
The top number in blood pressure indicates
The systolic pressure - the pressure of the ventricles contracting
The bottom number in blood pressure indicates what?
The diasolic pressure - the pressure of the ventricles relaxing
What type of device measures blood pressure?
Sphygmomanometer
