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Medical Terminology > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

connection of nerves

A

pons

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2
Q

nerve fiber cross over; life center

A

medulla oblongata

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3
Q

thinking, personality, sensations, movement, memory

A

cerebrum

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4
Q

relay station for sensory impulses, control of awareness, consciousness

A

thalamus

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5
Q

body temp, sleep, appetite, emotions, pituitary control

A

hypothalamus

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6
Q

coordination of voluntary movements

A

cerebellum

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7
Q

thought processes, behavior, personality, emotion

A

frontal lobe

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8
Q

language expression

A

broca area

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9
Q

hearing, understanding, speech, language

A

temporal lobe

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10
Q

language comprehension

A

Wernicke area

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11
Q

vision

A

occipital lobe

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12
Q

body sensations, visual and special perception

A

parietal lobe

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13
Q

accumulation of CSF in the brain
enlarged head and small face
usually in children
infection or tumor blocking ventricle in adults

A

hydrocephalus

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14
Q

to remove pressure on the brain

A

ventriculoperitoneal shunt

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15
Q

patch of hair, mole or dimple, no functional disability, posterior vertebrae have not fused

A

spina bifida occulta

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16
Q

external protruding sac containing meninges and CSF

A

spina bifida cystica with meningocele

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17
Q

external protruding sac containing meninges, CSF and spinal cord associated with paralysis and hydrocephalus

A

spina bifida cystica with myelomeningocele

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18
Q

when does spina bifida occur and to the deficiency of what vitamin

A

4 weeks into pregnancy

folic acid

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19
Q

chronic progressive disorder with 50% of demensia

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

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20
Q

age group of alzheimer’s

A

65+

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21
Q

Slow Progressive impairment of intellectual function that may compromise language and memory, visuospatial skill, behavior and personality, and cognition (e.g. calculation, abstraction, judgment)

A

Alzheimer’s

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22
Q

autopsy reveals what in alzheimer’s

A

neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid deposits/tangles

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23
Q

the kind of memory loss in alzheimer’s

A

short and long term (anterograde and retrograde)

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24
Q

loss of expression, language comprehension issues (aphasia), thought disorders, problem solving difficulties, can’t concentrate or socialize

A

alzheimer’s

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25
where ALS effects in the nervous system
upper and lower motor neuron degeneration
26
unexplained weight loss, feel pain, mind is with it, limb weakness, difficulty swallowing and slurred speech, muscle atrophy, hyperactive deep tension reflexes
amylotrophic lateral sclerosis
27
what ALS spares
oculomotor, sensory, and autonomic functions
28
abnormal paroxysmal neuronal discharge in the brain causing a transient disturbance of cerebral function
seizure
29
hand constantly shaking in a seizure, conscious preserved
partial, simple
30
entire body shaking in a seizure, conscious impared
partial, complex
31
seizure limited to a part of a cerebral hemisphere
partial seizure
32
sudden loss of consciousness, falling down, tonic contractions, clonic contractions ,postictal state of confusion/sleep, preceded by an aura,
grand mal/ tonic clonic seizures/ ictal events
33
twitching or jerking movements of the limbs
clonic
34
muscle stiffening
tonic contractions
35
dizziness, numbness, and visual or olfactory disturbances preceding a seizure
aura
36
minor form of seizure, momentary clouding of consciousness and loss of awareness of surroundings
absence seizures
37
weakness after seizures
postictal event
38
pusing in whatever theyre doing, confision, and memory problems
complex partial seizure in a temporal lobe epileptic
39
seizure lasting more than 30 minutes without recovery
status epilepticus
40
contralateral postictal paralysis, persistent weakness less than 24 hours after seizure
Todd's paralysis
41
dementia and chorea with gradual onset and slow progress
Huntington disease
42
random and involuntary muscle jerking
chorea
43
chromosome 4, autosomal dominant
Huntington disease
44
dysphagia, dysarthria, loss of short term memory, impaired judgement, intellectual declide, emotional disturbances, depression, anxiety, delusion, aggressiveness, urinary and bowel incontinence
Huntington disease
45
inflammatory progressive demyelination of white matter in brain and spinal cord
multiple sclerosis
46
age of onset of MS
less than 55
47
weakness, numbness, tingling, unsteadiness, spastic, paraparesis, diplopia, sphincter disturbances (urgency or hesitation), optic atrophy, sensory loss, ataxia, hyperreflexic, remission and relapses
MS
48
disorder of neuromuscular junction from a pure motor syndrom
myasthenia gravis
49
weakness and fatigue of the extra ocular, pharyngeal, facial, cervical, proximal limb, and respiratory musculature
myasthenia gravis
50
autoimmune disorder, antibodies block ACh from neural transmission
myasthenia gravis
51
ptosis, diplopia, facial weakness, fatigue chewing, dysphagia and dysarthria, dysphonia, neck and proximal limb weakness, respiratory weakness
myasthenia gravis
52
damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth
cerebral palsy
53
unilateral facial paralysis secondary to a problem with CN 7, complete recovery possible
Bell's palsy
54
chronic, degenerative basal ganglia disease
parkinson's
55
tremor, muscular weakness, rigidity, shuffling gait, postural instability
parkinson's
56
Parkinson's aka...
paralysis agitans
57
mask face, infrequent blinking, positive Myerson sign, pill-rolling, bradykinesia, possible decreased intellectual function
parkinson's
58
repetitive tapping on the bridge of the nose produces a sustained blink
Myerson sign
59
motor and vocal tics, involuntary, brief, repetitive,
Tourette syndrome
60
painful unilateral dermatomal eruption, reactivation of chickenpox, prodromal phase, tingling, itching, knifelike pain, fatigue, malaise, headache, fever, dermatomal rash, weakness, erythrematous and maculopapular rash to grouped vesicles
shinges (herpes zoster)
61
neurologic complications from HIV
HIV encephalopathy
62
ADC
Aids dementia complex
63
most common type of brain tumor and most common cause of new onset seizure in middle age
glioblastoma
64
survival time of glioblastoma
less than 1/5 survive over 1 year
65
hemiparesis, vision changes, seizure, confusion, obtundation, headache
glioblastoma
66
benign tumor arising from arachnoid cells, asymptomatic sometimes, hemiparesis, seizures, headache, sphincter disorder
meningiomas
67
patient with loss of conscious for ____ should be seen at hospital
> 2 minutes
68
no evidence of structural damage with head injury
concussion
69
skull fracture, cerebral edema, increased ICP head injury
contusion
70
bruising around the orbit
raccoon sign
71
blood in external auditory meatus
battle sign
72
raccoon sign, battle sign, CSF leakage from ear or nose, cranial nerve palsies
basilar skull fracture
73
tear of veins between dura and arachnoid membrane, blunt trauma
subdural hematoma
74
progressive change in mental status, focal neurological signs with or without LOC, headache, hemiparesis, unretractive pupil, ophthalmoplegia, possible seizure
subdural hematoma
75
tear of the middle meningeal artery of venous sinus between skull and dura
epidural hematoma
76
lethal, transient recovery of consciousness, progressive obtundation, gradual decline of mental status until comatose, concave blood clot
epidural hematoma
77
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
78
suddenly developing neurological deficit related to impaired cerebral blood flow
stroke
79
carotid atherosclerosis, hypercoaguabe states, oral contraceptives, HTN, drugs
cerebrovascular accident/ stroke
80
HTN, DM, hypercoaguable, family history
stroke risk factors
81
neurological deficits caused by ischemia <24 hours
transient cerebral ischemia (TIA)
82
commonly at carotid bifurcation, possibly of ulcerated plaque, migrating to the brain and causing ____... TIA
embolus formation
83
rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve disease, cardia arrhythmia, atrial myxoma... TIA
hematologic causes
84
onset abrupt and without warning, recovery rapid, vertebrobasilar ischemia and carotid artery ischemia
transient cerebral ischemia
85
severe, reoccurring, unilateral, vascular, headache
migraine
86
pulsatile, onset abrupt, unilateral, NV, duration (4-72 hours) POUND
migraine
87
produces 70% of CSF
choroid plexus
88
amount of CSF present at each time; amount produced daily
90-150ml; 500ml
89
CSF withdrawn between two lumbar vertebrae
lumbar puncture
90
X ray imaging of arterial blood vessels in brain, contrast injected,
cerebral angiography
91
better for acute hemorrhage or subarachnoid space of brain
CT!
92
best for posterior fossa tumars and brain stem glioma and spinal cord
MRI
93
three dimensional image of function processes in body, nuclear injection, aided by CT performed at the same time
positron emission tomography
94
sound waves detect blood flow in carotid and intracranial arteries
Doppler ultrasound
95
measurement of electrical activity produced by the brain
electroencephalogram (EEG)
96
specialized instruments to target specific areas of brain, gamma knife
stereotactic radiosurgery
97
precise radiation therapy to treat brain tumors, non-surgical, treats tumor tissue and arteriovenous malformations (AVM)-causes strokes in young people
stereotactic radiosurgery

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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