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Medical Terminology > Chapter 1 - Basic Word Structure > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Basic Word Structure Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

ex: arthritis (inflammation of a joint)

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1
Q

aden/o

A

gland

ex: adenoma (tumor of a gland) or adenitis (inflammation of a gland)

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2
Q

bi/o

A

life

ex: biology (the study of life)

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3
Q

carcin/o

A

cancerous, cancer

ex: carcinoma (cancerous tumor)

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4
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

ex: cardiology

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5
Q

cephal/o

A

head

ex: cephalic (pertaining to the head)

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6
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum
ex: cerebral (pertaining to the cerebrum)
a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke occurs when BV’s are damaged in the brain, causing bleeding and decreased blood flow to nerve cells

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7
Q

cis

A

to cut

ex: incision (to cut into a process)

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8
Q

crin/o

A

to secrete

ex: endocrine glands (to secrete hormones directly within bloodstream)

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9
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

ex: cystoscopy (visual examination of the process of the urinary bladder)

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10
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

ex: cytology

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11
Q

derm/o

dermat/o

A

skin

ex: dermatitis

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12
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

ex: electrocardiogram

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13
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

ex: electroencephalogram (EEG)

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14
Q

enter/o

A

intestines (usually the small intestine)

ex: enteritis

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15
Q

erythr/o

A

red

ex: erythrocyte

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16
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

ex: gastrectomy (excision/removal of the stomach)

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17
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar

ex: hyperglycemia

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18
Q

gnos/o

A

knowledge

ex: diagnosis

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19
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

ex: gynecology

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20
Q

hemat/o

hem/o

A

blood

ex: hematology

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21
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

ex: hepatitis

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22
Q

HYPERGLYCEMIA AND DIABETES

A

hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) is associated with diabetes. People with diabetes have high blood sugar because they lack insulin (type 1) or have ineffective insulin (type 2).
Insulin is released by the pancreas to escort sugar from bloodstream into cells. Sugar (glucose) is then broken down in cells to release energy.. when insulin isn’t present, sugar can’t enter cells and builds up in bloodstream (hyperglycemia)

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23
Q

iatr/o

A

treatment, physician

ex: iatrogenic

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24
Q

leuk/o

A

white

ex: leukocyte

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25
Q

log/o

A

study of

ex: dermatology

26
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

ex: nephritis, nephrology

27
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

ex: neurology

28
Q

onc/o

A

tumor

ex: oncology

29
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

ex: ophthalmoscope

30
Q

oste/o

A

bone

ex: osteitis

31
Q

path/o

A

disease

ex: pathologist, pathology

32
Q

ped/o

A

child

ex: pediatric

33
Q

psych/o

A

mind

ex: psychology

34
Q

radi/o

A

x-rays

ex: radiology

35
Q

ren/o

A

kidney
ex: renal (used to describe the kidney.. where as nephr/o is used with all other suffixes such as -osis, -itis, and -ectomy to describe abnormal conditions and operative procedures)

36
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

ex: rhinitis

37
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh
ex: sarcoma (malignant tumor that grows from cells of fleshy CT such as muscle, bone, fat)… carcinoma grows from epithelial cells that line the inside or outside of the body

38
Q

sect/o

A

to cut

ex: resection

39
Q

thromb/o

A

clot/clotting

ex: thrombocyte (platelets… cells that help clot blood)

40
Q

ur/o

A

urinary tract, urine

ex: urology

41
Q

telepneumoencephalic

A

pertaining to complete air head

42
Q

cyanotic

A

blue discoloration of the skin

43
Q

xanthochromic

A

having a yellowish color, CSF that contains blood or bile

44
Q

chlorophyll

A

found in green plants, absorb light convert to convert into energy

45
Q

eosinophilia

A

increase in eosinophils in blood (WBC)

46
Q

borborygmi

A

audible abdominal sounds, hyperactive peristalsis

47
Q

singultus

A

hiccup (involuntary contraction of diaphragm and rapid closure of glottis)

48
Q

epididymis

A

tube that connects the testicle with the vas deferens

49
Q

intussusception

A

part of the intestine has invaginated into another section (part) of the intestine . . like a collapsible telescope slides into itself

50
Q

esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

A

a test to examine the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine

51
Q

hepatosplenomegaly

A

simultaneous enlargement of the liver and the spleen

52
Q

hemophilia

A

excessive bleeding

53
Q

necrophilia

A

liking being with dead bodies, sexual contact with the dead bodies

54
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of being in open, crowded, or public places

55
Q

dipsomania

A

uncontrollable periodic craving for alcoholic beverages

56
Q

trichotillomania

A

desire to pull out one’s hair

57
Q

philadelphia

A

city of brotherly love

58
Q

theophilus

A

the lover of GOD to whom the Gospel of Luke and Acts are addresses

59
Q

Philanthropist

A

literally one who loves man

60
Q

medical words that have “taste”

A

cauliflower ear
cherry angioma
strawberry mark

61
Q

glomerulus

A

ball of twine

62
Q

pterion

A

little wing

63
Q

ileum vs ilium

A

intestine vs pelvis

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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