Chapter 1 - Basic Word Structure Flashcards by morgan boni

arthr/o

joint

ex: arthritis (inflammation of a joint)

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aden/o

gland

ex: adenoma (tumor of a gland) or adenitis (inflammation of a gland)

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bi/o

life

ex: biology (the study of life)

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carcin/o

cancerous, cancer

ex: carcinoma (cancerous tumor)

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cardi/o

heart

ex: cardiology

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cephal/o

head

ex: cephalic (pertaining to the head)

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cerebr/o

cerebrum
ex: cerebral (pertaining to the cerebrum)
a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke occurs when BV’s are damaged in the brain, causing bleeding and decreased blood flow to nerve cells

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cis

to cut

ex: incision (to cut into a process)

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crin/o

to secrete

ex: endocrine glands (to secrete hormones directly within bloodstream)

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cyst/o

urinary bladder

ex: cystoscopy (visual examination of the process of the urinary bladder)

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cyt/o

cell

ex: cytology

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derm/o

dermat/o

skin

ex: dermatitis

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electr/o

electricity

ex: electrocardiogram

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encephal/o

brain

ex: electroencephalogram (EEG)

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enter/o

intestines (usually the small intestine)

ex: enteritis

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erythr/o

red

ex: erythrocyte

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gastr/o

stomach

ex: gastrectomy (excision/removal of the stomach)

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glyc/o

sugar

ex: hyperglycemia

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gnos/o

knowledge

ex: diagnosis

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gynec/o

woman, female

ex: gynecology

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hemat/o

hem/o

blood

ex: hematology

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hepat/o

liver

ex: hepatitis

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HYPERGLYCEMIA AND DIABETES

hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) is associated with diabetes. People with diabetes have high blood sugar because they lack insulin (type 1) or have ineffective insulin (type 2).
Insulin is released by the pancreas to escort sugar from bloodstream into cells. Sugar (glucose) is then broken down in cells to release energy.. when insulin isn’t present, sugar can’t enter cells and builds up in bloodstream (hyperglycemia)

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iatr/o

treatment, physician

ex: iatrogenic

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leuk/o

white | ex: leukocyte

log/o

study of | ex: dermatology

nephr/o

kidney | ex: nephritis, nephrology

neur/o

nerve | ex: neurology

onc/o

tumor | ex: oncology

ophthalm/o

eye | ex: ophthalmoscope

oste/o

bone | ex: osteitis

path/o

disease | ex: pathologist, pathology

ped/o

child | ex: pediatric

psych/o

mind | ex: psychology

radi/o

x-rays | ex: radiology

ren/o

kidney ex: renal (used to describe the kidney.. where as nephr/o is used with all other suffixes such as -osis, -itis, and -ectomy to describe abnormal conditions and operative procedures)

rhin/o

nose | ex: rhinitis

sarc/o

flesh ex: sarcoma (malignant tumor that grows from cells of fleshy CT such as muscle, bone, fat)... carcinoma grows from epithelial cells that line the inside or outside of the body

sect/o

to cut | ex: resection

thromb/o

clot/clotting | ex: thrombocyte (platelets... cells that help clot blood)

ur/o

urinary tract, urine | ex: urology

telepneumoencephalic

pertaining to complete air head

cyanotic

blue discoloration of the skin

xanthochromic

having a yellowish color, CSF that contains blood or bile

chlorophyll

found in green plants, absorb light convert to convert into energy

eosinophilia

increase in eosinophils in blood (WBC)

borborygmi

audible abdominal sounds, hyperactive peristalsis

singultus

hiccup (involuntary contraction of diaphragm and rapid closure of glottis)

epididymis

tube that connects the testicle with the vas deferens

intussusception

part of the intestine has invaginated into another section (part) of the intestine . . like a collapsible telescope slides into itself

esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

a test to examine the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine

hepatosplenomegaly

simultaneous enlargement of the liver and the spleen

hemophilia

excessive bleeding

necrophilia

liking being with dead bodies, sexual contact with the dead bodies

agoraphobia

fear of being in open, crowded, or public places

dipsomania

uncontrollable periodic craving for alcoholic beverages

trichotillomania

desire to pull out one's hair

philadelphia

city of brotherly love

theophilus

the lover of GOD to whom the Gospel of Luke and Acts are addresses

Philanthropist

literally one who loves man

medical words that have "taste"

cauliflower ear cherry angioma strawberry mark

glomerulus

ball of twine

pterion

little wing

ileum vs ilium

intestine vs pelvis