chapter 6 - additional suffixes and digestive system terms

Question 0

-emesis

Answer 0

vomiting

Question 1

-ectasis , -ectasia

Answer 1

stretching, dilation, dilatation, widening

Question 2

-lysis

Answer 2

destruction, breakdown, separation

Question 3

-pepsia

Answer 3

digestion

Question 4

-phagia

Answer 4

eating, swallowing

Question 5

-phasia

Answer 5

speech

Question 6

-plasia

Answer 6

formation

Question 7

-plasty

Answer 7

surgical repair

Question 8

-ptosis

Answer 8

drooping, sagging, protruding

Question 9

-ptysis

Answer 9

spitting

Question 10

-rrhage, -rrhagia

Answer 10

bursting forth (of blood)

Question 11

-rrhaphy

Answer 11

suture

Question 12

-rrhea

Answer 12

flow, discharge

Question 13

-spasm

Answer 13

involuntary contraction of muscles

Question 14

-stasis

Answer 14

stopping, controlling

Question 15

-stenosis

Answer 15

tightening, stricture, narrowing

Question 16

hemoptysis

Answer 16

spitting up blood from the resp tract . a sign of bleeding and disease within the bronchial tubes and lungs

Question 17

hematemesis

Answer 17

vomiting blood, a sign of bleeding from the upper GI tract

Question 18

-tresia

Answer 18

opening

Question 19

liver function tests (LFT’s) - test for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in the blood

Answer 19

ALT (alanine transaminase)
AST (aspartate transaminase)
Alkaline phosphatase (alk phos)
Serum bilirubin
Direct/Indirect bilirubin test

Question 20

stool culture

Answer 20

test for microorganisms present in feces

Question 21

stool guaiac test or Hemoccult test

Answer 21

test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces

important screening test for colon cancer

Question 22

many of the x-ray tests listed here use a ______ medium (substance that x-rays cannot penetrate) to visualize a specific area of the digestive system

Answer 22

contrast medium .
the contrast, bc of its increased density relative to body tissue, allows organs and parts to be distinguished from one another on the film or screen

Question 23

lower GI series (barium enema)

Answer 23

X-ray images of the colon and the rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum

Question 24

upper GI series

Answer 24

X-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth.
after the upper GI series, a small bowel follow through study shows sequential x-ray pics of the sm intestine as barium passes through. a barium swallow is a study of the esophagus

Question 25

cholangiography

Answer 25

x-ray exam of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile ducts. 
in percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, contrast is injected via a needle placed through the abdominal wall into the liver.
in ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), contrast medium is administered through an oral catheter (tube) and then passes through esoph, stomach, and duodenum into bile ducts. helps Dx problems involving bile ducts, gall bladder, and pancreas

Question 26

computed tomography (CT)

Answer 26

a series of X-ray images are taken in multiple views, esp in cross section… based on differences in tissue densities.
contrast material helps highlight differences in blood flow between normal and deceased tissues

Question 27

abdominal ultrasonography

Answer 27

sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera.
*ultrasonography is esp useful for examination of fluid-filled structures such as the gallbladder

Question 28

endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)

Answer 28

use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the organs of the GI tract

Question 29

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 29

magnetic waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three places of the body. detects subtle differences in tissue composition, water content, BV density, and can show sites of trauma, infection, or cancer

Question 30

gastric bypass or bariatric surgery

Answer 30

reducing the size of the stomach to size of two tablespoons and bypasses much of the small intestine …..and diverting food to the jejunum (gastrojejunostomy).

Question 31

gastrointestinal endoscopy

Answer 31

visual examination of GI tract using endoscope . . flexible fiberoptic tube through the mouth or the anus to view the parts of the GI tract. Examples: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, proctoscopy, and anoscopy.
virtual colonoscopy (CT colonoscopy) combines CT scanning and computer technology to examine entire length of the colon by x-ray imaging in minutes.

Question 32

laparoscopy

Answer 32

visual (endoscopic) exam of the abdomen with a laparoscope inserted through small incisions in the abdomen

Question 33

liver biopsy

Answer 33

removal of liver tissue for microscopic examination . . avg sample is less than an inch long

Question 34

nasogastric intubation

Answer 34

insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach . . used to remove fluid post-op and to obtain gastric/intestinal contents for analysis

Question 35

paracentesis (abdominocentesis)

Answer 35

surgical procedure to remove fluid from the abdomen

(drains fluid, accumulated in ascites) from the peritoneal cavity