Nervous System

Question 1

Schwann Cell

Answer 1

cells that produce myelin

Question 2

somatic NS

Answer 2

voluntary part of PNS, composed of skeletal muscle that one has control over

Question 3

neurotransmitter associated with sympathetic NS

Answer 3

noradrenalin

Question 4

neurotransmitter associated with parasympathetic NS

Answer 4

acetylcholine (ACH)

Question 5

sensory neuron structure

Answer 5

fewer long dendrites, short axon

Question 6

interneuron structure

Answer 6

many short dendrites, long or short axon

Question 7

motor neuron structure

Answer 7

short dendrite, long axon

Question 8

saltatory conduction

Answer 8

APs jump from node to node in myelinated nerve fibres

Question 9

examples of enzymes that degrade neurotransmitters

Answer 9

monoamine oxidase for noradrenaline, acetylcholinesterase for ACH

Question 10

how does diameter affect conduction speed?

Answer 10

in unmyelinated fibres, diameter is proportional to speed, increase diameter = increase speed because larger diameter offers less resistance to the flow of Na+

Question 11

what form of transport do neurotransmitters use

Answer 11

exocytosis (exiting though vesicle)

Question 12

meninges

Answer 12

tough layer of tissue surrounding brain

Question 13

thalamus

Answer 13

• sorts info going to cerebrum
• located at the top of the brainstem
• sorts, processes and directs signals from spinal cord to mid-brain structures, and from cerebrum to spinal cord

Question 14

Hypothalamus

Answer 14

• involved in hormonal regulation (homeostasis)
• controls hunger, thirst, body temp

Question 15

Corpus Callosum

Answer 15

seperates 2 hemispheres

Question 16

amygdala

Answer 16

• deep in the centre of the brain
• emotional reactions
• influences behaviour and interests & stress response

Question 17

Hippocampus

Answer 17

• deep in brain
• memory & learning

Question 18

Suculus

Answer 18

shallower grooves in cerebrum

Question 19

which part of the ANS stimulates glucose release from liver

Answer 19

sympathetic

Question 20

inhibitory

Answer 20

hyperpolarizes - decrease chance of AP

Question 21

excitatory

Answer 21

depolarizes - increase chance of AP

Question 22

integration

Answer 22

combing and processing incoming signals to produce output signal

Question 23

constricts bronchi

Answer 23

parasympathetic

Question 24

nerve fibre

Answer 24

axon or dendrite

Question 25

one nerve

Answer 25

contains many neurons and nerve fibres

Question 26

why are the insides of neurons negative

Answer 26

more K+ ions leave than Na+ that enters, and inside contains more negative ions like Cl-