Bonding Flashcards
Hydrogen Bonds
Bond formed between two polar molecules
Polar Bonds
Covalent bonds where electrons are shared unequally
A solution is made of a ___ and a ___
solvent and a solute
Solvency
The ability to dissolve matter
Hydrophilic
Loves water - dissolves easily in water
Hydrophobic
Fear of water - does not dissolve easily in water
Universal Solvent
Water is the universal solvent for polar molecules
Adhesion
Attraction between a substance and another substance
Cohesion
Attraction between a substance and itself
Surface Tension
Elastic surface film due to attraction of molecules at the surface and those below
Heat Capacity
The amount of heat required to raise 1g of a substance by 1*C
Calorie
The amount of heat required to raise 1g of water by 1*C
Why is water an effective coolant?
Water has a high specific heat capacity, thus can absorb heat without changing temperature due to hydrogen bonds.
Polymers
Series of monomers bonded together
Monomer
Subunits of macromolecules
Polymerization
The bonding of monomers into polymers through dehydration synthesis
Dehydration Synthesis
The reaction that bonds monomers together. Involves the removal of a water molecule.
Hydrolysis
The splitting of a polymer/breaking of a bond by the addition of a water molecule
Digestion
Hydrolysis is used to break down biomolecules into smaller molecules to be absorbed into the cells
Acids
Release H+ (H3O) when dissociated in water. Have a pH below 7.
Bases
Release OH- when dissociated in water. pH above 7.
Buffers
Chemicals that can accept excess H+ or OH- in a solution to keep the solution at a constant pH (to a limit)
