Nervous System

Question 1

What is the formation of the face directed to?

Answer 1

The neural tube formation

Question 2

What is the neural tube separate from?

Answer 2

The dorsal body cavity

Question 3

What is the neural tube surrounded by?

Answer 3

Bone (skull and vertebral column)

Question 4

What are the 3 layers of the developing baby?

Answer 4

1. Endoderm (inner)
2. Mesoderm (middle)
3. Ectoderm (Outer)

Question 5

What does the ectoderm differentiates into?

Answer 5

Neuroectoderm
*neural tube separates from the ectoderm

Question 6

As specific neurons for the brain differentiate what will happen?

Answer 6

1. Lose mystic capability
2. Will not tolerate an o2 debt

Question 7

What do skull bones form out of?

Answer 7

Mesenchymal cells
*No cartilage
*Linked by dense irregular connective

Question 8

What is the layers of the skull?

Answer 8

Outer cortical (better at accepting energy)
Layer of spongy bone
Inner cortical bone

Question 9

Why is the center spongy bone?

Answer 9

Will absorb energy so the inner table doesn’t fracture

Question 10

What is the tentorium cerebelli?

Answer 10

The marker between the cerebral and brain stem

Question 11

What are the layers of the BBB?

Answer 11

Dura mater- sticky directly to the bone, doubles as periosteum
Arachnoid mater- Reticular connective tissue, good for fluid movement and for cells to flow
Pia mater- stick to brain

Question 12

What are astrocytes?

Answer 12

Wrap around the blood vessel and will create the BBB
*which is a barrier that prevents things from damage

Question 13

What are Afferent neurons?

Answer 13

Going towards the CNS

Question 14

What are Efferent neurons?

Answer 14

going away from CNS

Question 15

What is the myelin sheath?

Answer 15

Insulating layer that forms around nerves including those in the brain and spinal cord

Question 16

What are local effects?

Answer 16

Signs or symptoms related to the specific area of brain or spinal cord that is damaged

Question 17

What are supratentorial and infratentorial lesion?

Answer 17

Supra: brain
Infra: brain stem

Question 18

What is decussation?

Answer 18

The action of crossing
*axons start on one side and cross over to the other side
*injury to the left symptom on the right

Question 19

What are basal nuclei impacts?

Answer 19

Responsible for the coordination
*judging how much force is necessary

Question 20

Is the language center paired?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What happens if there is a loss in the language center on the left side?

Answer 21

Can’t speak

Question 22

What happens if there is a lesion in the language center on the right?

Answer 22

Can’t talk but no emotion

Question 23

What are seizures sometimes due to?

Answer 23

Increased intracranial pressure

Question 24

What is the most common acute neurological problem?

Answer 24

Meningitis
*salivary transmission
*bacterial or viral
*full body rash

Question 25

What is Multiple sclerosis?

Answer 25

Autoimmune WBC attacks the myelin sheath

Question 26

What is Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 26

WBC attack the dopamine-producing cells

Question 27

What is myesthenia gravis?

Answer 27

Autoimmune WBC attack and destroy receptors on skeletal muscles, no receptors

Question 28

What is dementia?

Answer 28

Altered stats of mental status
*decreased number of cortical cells

Question 29

What is hydrocephalus?

Answer 29

Problems with the drainage of CSF accumulates in the head

Question 30

What is spina bifida?

Answer 30

Caudal part of the neural tube did not form
*vertebral arch is not made properly

Question 31

What is cerebral palsy?

Answer 31

Malformation of the neural tube

Question 32

What is myelomeningocele?

Answer 32

Spinal cord in the pocket