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ZOO 201 > Nervous and Endocrine System > Flashcards

Nervous and Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

conduits for cell to cell communication

A
  • neurons
  • hormones
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2
Q

electrical stimulus

A

neurons

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3
Q

chemical messengers

A

hormones

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4
Q

hormones are produced by the ____

A

glands

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5
Q

produced by the pancreas that is needed to regulate blood glucose level

A

insulin

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6
Q

local regulator cells means that the two cells are _____ to each other

A

adjacent

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7
Q

similar to neurotransmitters but quite bigger

A

neuropeptides

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8
Q

chemical messengers in insects

A

pheromones

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9
Q

major glands of the nervous system

A
  • hypothalamus
  • pituitary gland
  • parathyroid
  • thyroid gland
  • adrenal glands
  • pancreas
  • ovary
  • testes
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10
Q

brain region controlling the pituitary gland

A

hypothalamus

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11
Q

secretes many different hormones, some of which affect other glands

A

pituitary glands

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12
Q

affects metabolism

A

thyroid glands

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13
Q

help regulate level of calcium in the blood

A

parathyroids

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14
Q

help trigger the fight-or-flight response

A

adrenal gland

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15
Q

regulates the sugar level in the blood

A

pancreas

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16
Q

secretes female sex hormones

A

ovaries

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17
Q

secretes male sex hormones

A

testis

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18
Q

functions of nervous system

A
  • controlling the body and communication for its parts
  • coordinate the functions of the other organs and organ systems
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19
Q

types of neurons

A
  • sensory neurons
  • motor neurons
  • interneurons
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20
Q

relay the info from the environment to the body

A

sensory neurons

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21
Q

relay info from the cell to the muscle

A

motor neurons

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22
Q

serve to coordinate the motor and sensory neurons

A

interneurons

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23
Q

functional division of the nervous system

A
  • CNS
  • PNS
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24
Q

includes the brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system

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25
Q

includes nerves

A

peripheral nervous system

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26
Q

embryonic region of the cns

A

ectoderm

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27
Q

2 surface of the ectoderm in the cns

A
  • epidermis
  • dorsal part that becomes the brain & spinal cord
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28
Q

process of brain and spinal cord formation

A

neurolation

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29
Q

protects the brain and spinal cord

A

meninges

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30
Q

3 meninges

A
  • dura mater
  • arachnoid
  • pia mater
31
Q

membrane that envelops the arachnoid mater

A

dura mater

32
Q

thin fibrous tissue that is impermeable to fluid

A

pia mater

33
Q

situated between the dura mater and the pia mater

A

arachnoid mater

34
Q

subrachnoid space that produces the Cerebrospinal fluid

A

choroid plexus

35
Q

choroid plexus functions as a ____ at the interface between the blood and CSF

A

choroid plexes

36
Q

development of the brain

A
  • neural tube
  • primary brain vesicles
  • secondary brain vesicles
37
Q

parts of the brain

A
  • cerebrum
  • cerebellum
38
Q

part of the brain that is for thinking

A

front brain

39
Q

divides the brain from left to right

A

longitudinal fissure

40
Q

part of the brain for perception

A

back of the brain

41
Q

part of the brain for movement

A

top of the brain

42
Q

divides the brain anteriorly and posteriorly

A

central sulcus

43
Q

3 functional areas in the cerebrum

A
  • motor areas
  • sensory areas
  • association areas
44
Q

functional area for movement

A

motor areas

45
Q

functional area for perception

A

sensory areas

46
Q

functional area concerned with the rest of function

A

association areas

47
Q

significance of melatonin

A

sleeping; biological clock

48
Q

also for processing and editing

A

thalamus

49
Q

visceral control center; control of endocrine system through pituitary gland

A

hypothalamus

50
Q

rigidly programs automatic behavior necessary for survival

A

brain stem

51
Q

parts of diencephalon

A
  • thalamus
  • hypothalamus
52
Q

[functions of cerebellum]

coordinates ______
helps maintain ______

A
  • body movement
  • body posture
53
Q

parts of a neuron

A
  • cell body
  • axon
  • dendrites
  • neural impulse
  • myelin sheath
  • terminal branches of axon
54
Q

cell’s life support center

A

cell body

55
Q

receive messages from other cells

A

dendrites

56
Q

passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles or glands

A

axons

57
Q

form junctions with other cells

A

terminal branches of axon

58
Q

covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses

A

myelin sheath

59
Q

neurotransmitters are stored in _____ structures

A

tiny sac-like

60
Q

chemicals that communicate information throughout our body

A

neurotransmitters

61
Q

implicated in depression and OCD

A

serotonin

62
Q

too much of dopamine is implicated in

A

schizophrenia

63
Q

too little of dopamine is implicated in

A

parkinson’s disease

64
Q

implicated in anxiety

A

GABA

65
Q

neurotransmitter responsible for mood disorders and anxiety disorders

A

norepinephrine

66
Q

neurotransmitter responsible for alzheimer’s disease

A

acetylcholine

67
Q

neurotransmitter responsible for substance abuse disorders

A

opioids

68
Q

2 modalities of PNS

A
  • sensory (afferent)
  • motor (efferent)
69
Q

10 cranial nerves in frog

A
  • olfactory nerve
  • optic nerves
  • oculomotor
  • trochlear
  • trigeminal
  • abducens
  • facial
  • auditory / vestibulo-cochlear
  • glosso-pharyngeal
  • vagus nerve
70
Q

On Old Obando Tower Top A Filipino Army Guards Villages (And Huts)

A
  • Olfactory nerve
  • Optic nerves
  • Oculomotor
  • Trochlear
  • Trigeminal
  • Abducens
  • Facial
  • Auditory
  • Glosso-pharyngeal
  • Vagus Nerve
  • Accessory Nerve
  • Hypoglossal nerve
71
Q

plays a central role in anxiety disorders

A

amygdala

72
Q

involved in anxiety disorders generated by memories of painful experiences

A

hippocampus

73
Q

60% of brain tissue are ____

A

white matter

74
Q

40% of brain tissue

A

grey matter

ZOO 201 (16 decks)

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