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entomology 200 > Nervous and Endocrine System > Flashcards

Nervous and Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

What is a neuron made of?

A

Dendrite, cell body, axon

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2
Q

What neurons are used for association within the system?

A

Interneurons

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3
Q

Whats a ganglia?

A

An aggregation of cell bodies

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4
Q

What makes up the brain?

A

Fused ganglia of segments 1-3

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5
Q

What’s the name of the fused 4-6 CNS ganglia?

A

Suboesophageal Ganglion

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6
Q

What are the the ganglia in the Thorax and abdomen called?

A

Ventral Nerve Cord

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7
Q

Where is the ventral nerve cord?

A

The Perineural Sinus

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8
Q

How is the ventral nerve cord Organized?

A

Segmentally, muscles of a segment are controlled by nerves from the same segment ganglion

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9
Q

How far can an interneuron travel?

A

Across the entire length of the CNS

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10
Q

What is the function of the protocerebrum?

A

Receives nerve impulses from the compound eyes, contains mushroom bodies

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11
Q

What is the function of mushroom bodies?

A

Controls learning and complex behaviour, receives interneurons from deutocerebrum (Antennea)

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12
Q

What receives antennae impulses?

A

Deutocerebrum

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13
Q

What’s the function of the Tritocerebrum?

A

Receives nerves from the labrum, subesophageal ganglion (mouthparts) and frontal ganglion (Pharynx and swallowing)

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14
Q

What makes up the peripheral nervous system?

A

Sensory and Motor Neurons, receives stimuli from the environment through sensory organs

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15
Q

What is the resting potential of a neuron, and what is it called at this resting potential?

A

-70 mV and Polarized

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16
Q

Where is there low concentration of Potassium?

A

Outside the axon

17
Q

What is it called when a neuron fires?

A

Action Potential, Wave of Depolarization

18
Q

What voltage does an action potential bring a nerve to?

A

+30 mV

19
Q

What Controls Repolarization of the Axon?

A

Sodium Channels (Closing), Potassium Channels, Outflow of potassium allows the function of the sodium-potassium pump.

20
Q

Why does an action potential travel backwards?

A

Because there is a refractory region of the axon that is unable to depolarize again

21
Q

What Ion helps fusion with synaptic vesicles?

A

Calcium

22
Q

What is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in insects?

A

Acetylcholine

23
Q

What are Axonic Poisons?

A

Poisons that act on the axon of the nerve causing sodium channels to remain open and spontaneous firing of said neurons without ceasing causing death. highly Fat soluble and can be biomagnified. (DDT)

24
Q

What are Synaptic Poisons?

A

Poisons that affect the synaptic activity of neurons

25
Q

What do Organophosphates and Carbamates do?

A

Inhibit acetylcholinesterase causing an excess of acetylcholine in the synaptic gap and constant firing of the receiving dendrite.

26
Q

Where are neurosecretory cells found?

A

In the CNS

27
Q

What’s the function of the Corpora Cardiaca?

A

Storage and release of PTTH prothoracicotropic hormone that helps signal production of ecdysone to being moulting

28
Q

What do the prothoracic glands secrete?

A

Production of ecdysone, stimulated by Corpora Cardiaca and PTTH

29
Q

What is the function of the Corpora Allata?

A

Production and secretion of Juvenile Hormone (JH)

30
Q

What are the 3 main types of hormones?

A

Ecdysteroids, Juvenile Hormone, Neurohormones, Neuropeptides

31
Q

What’s the function of Ecdysteroids?

A

Used in the molting process, derived from sterols(cholesterol), ecdysone is an ecdysteroid

32
Q

What is the function of JH?

A

Control of metamorphosis, controls reproductive maturity and development, derived from sesquiterpenoids.

33
Q

What is the function of Neurohormones?

A

Regulate other functions of the body, homeostasis, metabolism, reproduction, development etc.

entomology 200 (13 decks)

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