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Entomology 200 > External Morphology > Flashcards

External Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the surfaces of an insect

A

Dorsum, Venter, Pleuron

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2
Q

How many segments did the hypothesized ancestor have?

A

20

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3
Q

What is Tagmosis?

A

The amalgamation of segments into functional units

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4
Q

What tagmata do insects have?

A

Head, Thorax, Abdomen

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5
Q

Have many segments make up to head?

A

6

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6
Q

How many segments make up the Thorax?

A

3

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7
Q

How many segments make up the abdomen?

A

11

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8
Q

What are the three sclerites of the Thorax?

A

Notum (dorsal), Pleuron (Lateral), Sternum (Ventral)

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9
Q

What are the sclerites of the abdomen?

A

Tergum (Dorsal), Pleural Membrane (Lateral), Sternum (Ventral)

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10
Q

What is the integument of the insect?

A

The epidermis and the cuticle

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11
Q

What are the segments of the cuticle?

A

The epicuticle and procuticle.

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12
Q

What portion of the cuticle has chitin?

A

The procuticle

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13
Q

What are the layers of the epicuticle?

A

Cement layer, Wax layer, Superficial layer, Inner/Outter Epicuticle

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14
Q

What are the parts of the procuticle?

A

Exocuticle and endocuticle

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15
Q

How is chitin organized in the procuticle?

A

Forms bundles that form microfibrils set in a protein matrix

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16
Q

What is sclerotization?

A

Quinones and dehydration of chains causing a hardening of the cuticle.

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17
Q

What is an unsclerotized cuticle called?

A

arthrodial membrane

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18
Q

Major Features of the Head?

A

Eyes, Antennae, Mouthparts

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19
Q

What are the main sclerites of the head capsule?

A

Vertex, Gena, Frons, Clypeus, Labrum

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20
Q

What are sutures?

A

External visual grooves in the cuticle where sclerites have joined together during development

21
Q

What are the main structures of the mouthparts?

A

Labrum, Mandibles, Hypopharynx, Maxillae, Labium

22
Q

What are the parts of the Maxillae?

A

Palps, Galea, Lacinia (from lateral to medial)

23
Q

What are the different parts of the Labium?

A

(From Posterior to Anterior) Gula, postmentum, mentum, prementum, 4 Lobes (palps and paraglossae)

24
Q

What are the different mouthparts positions?

A

Opisthognathous (Behind), Prognathous (Forward), Hypognathous (Under)

25
Q

What are the different mouthparts?

A

Biting-Chewing, Suctorial, Piercing-Sucking, Sponging, Piercing-Sponging, Lapping, Sizing-Grasping, Rasping

26
Q

What structure makes the proboscis in suctorial mouthparts?

A

Galea of the Maxillae

27
Q

What makes up the proboscis of piercing-sucking mouthparts?

A

Sheathed Stylets evolved from Mandibles and Maxillae (Hemiptera), Mandibles Maxillae Labrum Hypopharynx (Mosquitos), Labrum Hypopharynx Labium Maxillary Palps (Higher Flies)

28
Q

What is a labellar lobe?

A

Modified Labial palpi used for mopping up blood at the end of the mosquito proboscis

29
Q

What is a Labellum?

A

Modified Labium with lobes and pseudotrachea to sponge up liquid

30
Q

What structures make the “swords” of Piercing-Sponging Mouthparts^

A

Mandibles, Maxillae, Hypopharynx

31
Q

What structures make the tongue of the Chewing-lapping mouthparts?

A

Glossae (Labium)

32
Q

What insect has characteristic Mandibulosuctorial mouthparts?

A

Antlion Larvae, salivary canals, sometimes contain poison

33
Q

What are the three segments of the Thorax?

A

Prothorax, Mesothorax, Metathorax

34
Q

What is the name of the meso-meta-thorax?

A

Pterothorax

35
Q

What are the anterior and posterior segments of the pleuron called?

A

episternum (anterior), epimeron (posterior)

36
Q

What is a Pronotum?

A

Enlarged Dorsal Sclerite of the Prothorax

37
Q

What are the segments of the leg?

A

Coxa, Trochanter, Femur, Tibia, Tarsus, Pretarsus

38
Q

What are the segments of the tarsus called?

A

Tarsomeres

39
Q

What are the different leg adaptations?

A

Cursorial, Saltatorial, Natatorial, Fossorial and Raptorial

40
Q

What are the veins of the insect wings?

A

Costa, sub costa, radius, media, cubitus, anal

41
Q

What are the veins of the wings made of?

A

An open space for the hemocoel of the insect to flow and a nerve cord and trachea

42
Q

What are the important wing cells to know?

A

Discal cell (Butterflies), Pterostigma (Dark Distal Spot, Dragonfly), Triangle (Dragonfly)

43
Q

What are the different types of wings?

A

Membranous, Tegmina, Elytra, Hemelytra, Halteres, Scales

44
Q

What abdominal segments bear genitalia?

A

8 and 9

45
Q

Which abdominal segment can have appendages called Cerci?

A

11

46
Q

What is an Appendicular Ovipositor?

A

Has 2 gonapophysis and a gonastyle forming an external canal for the egg.

47
Q

What is a Substitutional Ovipositor?

A

Extensible posterior abdominal segments with a terminal ovipore

48
Q

What is are the appendicular reproductive appendages made of?

A

Gonocoxites and gonapophysis

49
Q

What is an adaegus?

A

The entire male reproductive organ, claspers + penis

Entomology 200 (13 decks)

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